本研究以努力恢復模式 (Effort Recovery Model)觀點，探討員工下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事，所產生的負向心情對員工工作倦怠及工作敬業度，以及個人隔日不當行為及顧客導向行為的影響，並進一步探討員工的個人特質是否會對前述關係產生干擾效果。
本研究以 83 位國小教師為研究對象，並以經驗抽樣法搭配每日兩次的問卷收集，透過連續十個工作天收集資料，共獲得 439 份有效配對問卷，多層次結構方程模式結果顯示：(1)員工下班後處理公事，當晚會形成強烈負向心情，並提升隔日工作倦怠及個人不當行為；(2)員工下班後處理公事，當晚會形成強烈負向心情，並降低隔日工作敬業度及顧客導向行為；(3)擁有高工作狂-趨迫取向干擾特質之個人，更會強化收到工作訊息後造成的負向影響歷程；(4)擁有低工作-生活區隔偏好干擾特質之個人，收到工作相關的訊息時，較能減緩其後續對當晚負向心情，及個人不當行為、顧客導向行為的影響。

As the advances of communication technology, it makes organizations more easily connect their workforce without normal working hours. However, it caused conflicts between work and non-work time. Based on the Effort Recovery Model, we examined the negative effects of using communication technology during non-work hours. By lacking of personal resource, employees might enhance negative emotion (anger, sadness) at night, then affect their personal misbehavior and customer-oriented behavior on the next day. We further estimated whether personal traits moderate the effects on using communication technology to negative emotions.
The data was composed of 439 daily surveys from 83 elementary school teachers. By two-time survey with ten consecutive days, hierarchical linear modeling results suggested the following results: (1)Using communication technology during non-work time were associated with negative emotions at night, and mediated the effects of higher burnout and personal misbehavior on the next day. (2)Using communication technology during non-work time were associated with negative emotions at night, and mediated the effects of lower work engagement and customer-oriented behavior on the next day. (3)Higher workaholicism-driven revised personal trait moderates the effects of using communication technology and negative behaviors. (4)Lower work-home segmentation personal trait moderates the effects of using communication technology to negative emotions at night, and personal misbehavior and customer-oriented behavior on the next day.

論文審訂書 i
謝誌 ii
中文摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖目次 vii
表目次 viii
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻探討與假設推導 5
第一節 下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事，對個人造成的負面影響：努力–恢復模式的觀點 5
第二節 下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事與隔日不當行為的關係：當晚負向心情與隔日工作倦怠的能量耗損歷程 6
第三節 下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事與隔日顧客導向行為的關係：當晚負向心情與隔日工作敬業度的動機降低 7
第四節 下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事與當晚負向心情的關係：工作狂特質－愉悅及趨迫取向的干擾效果 9
第五節 下班後使用通訊軟體處理公事與當晚負向心情的關係：個人工作－生活區隔偏好的干擾效果 11
第三章 研究方法 13
第一節 研究架構與假設 13
第二節 研究樣本與施測程序 13
第三節 研究工具 15
第四節 驗證性因素分析 18
第五節 資料分析方式 18
第四章 研究結果 20
第一節 敘述性統計與相關係數表 20
第二節 假設檢定 21
第五章 結論與建議 25
第一節 研究主要發現與理論貢獻 25
第二節 管理意涵 27
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 28
參考文獻 30
附錄 40

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