摘 要
近年來，伴隨中國新能源汽車市場的爆發式增長，作為新能源汽車心臟的動力電池用量也是水漲船高。與此同時，廢舊動力電池回收利用也被提上議程。動力電池在新能源汽車上的使用壽命普遍在5年左右，業內普遍預計，從2018年開始，首批進入市場的汽車動力電池即將迎來“報廢潮”，廢舊動力電池回收市場將開始爆發。

動力電池回收再利用是動力電池產業鏈形成閉環的關鍵環節，在環境保護、資源回收和提高動力電池全壽命周期價值等方面都具有重要價值。其中動力電池回收再利用又包括了梯次利用和資源回收兩個環節。通常當新能源汽車動力電池剩餘容量降低到初始容量的70%-80%時便無法滿足車載使用要求。退役動力電池經過測試、篩選、重組等環節，仍然有能力用於低速電動車、備用電源、電力儲能等運行工況相對良好、對電池性能要求較低的領域。隨著新能源汽車推廣應用的力度不斷加大，動力電池梯次利用的概念應運而生並受到廣泛關注。在目前電池回收模式尚不明確的背景下，與會企業家達成共識：建立完整的電池回收產業鏈需要技術、市場和政策共同來推動。
而對於新能源汽車產業鏈來說，動力電池的回收處理是不可或缺的最後一個環節。近幾年，儲能市場增長都比較快，這對篩選下來的動力電池需求量非常大。而在回收總產值方面，回收量可能到百億級。體現出巨大的再利用價值。之後再進一步報廢，從廢舊電池中提取鈷、鎳、錳、鋰、鐵和鋁等金屬，有預測稱所創造的回收市場規模在2020年將突破500億元，到2023年達到1250億元。

Abstract

In recent years, along with the explosive growth of the new energy vehicles market in China, the volume of the electric-vehicle battery as the driving force of new energy vehicles is equally rising. In the meanwhile, the recycling of spent car batteries has also been put on the agenda. The service life of electric-vehicle batteries in electrical vehicles is generally around 5 years. Therefore, it is widely expected in the industry that the first batch of electric-vehicle batteries entering the market will soon trigger a “wave of scrapping” from 2018, and the market of new energy vehicle battery recycling will begin to boom.
Electric-vehicle battery recycling is the key link in the formation of a closed-loop of electric-vehicle battery industry chain. It is of great value in terms of environmental protection, resource recovery, and improving the life cycle value of electric-vehicle batteries. Electric-vehicle battery recycling consists of two activities: cascade utilization and resource recovery. Usually, when the remaining capacity of electric-vehicle batteries is reduced to 70%-80% of the initial capacity, they are no longer be able to meet the requirements of the electric vehicles. However, the spent batteries after being tested, screened, and reorganized, are still capable of being used in the areas of low-speed electric vehicles, backup power supplies, and power storage where the operating conditions are relatively good and the requirements for battery performance are lower. With the increasing promotion and application of new energy vehicles, the concept of cascade utilization of electric-vehicle battery has emerged and attracted widespread attention. In the current background of unclear battery recycling model, the attending entrepreneurs have reached a consensus that the establishment of a complete battery recycling industry chain requires joint promotions in technology, market, and policy.

In the aspect of the new energy vehicle industry chain, the recycling of electric-vehicle batteries is a final and indispensable step. In recent years, the energy storage market has considerably grown, which generated a great demand for the selected electric-vehicle batteries. In terms of the total value of recycling, the volume may reach 10 billion. This reflects an enormous value of reuse. Then, the batteries will be scrapped further and metals such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, iron, and aluminum will be extracted from used batteries. It is predicted that the scale of the recycling market created by batteries will exceed 50 billion dollars by 2020 and reach 125 billion dollars by 2023.

目 錄
論文審定書 i
公開授權書
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 v
圖次 vii
表次 ix
第一章 緒論 10
第一節 研究背景與動機 .10
第二節 研究目的 10
第三節 研究流程 12
第二章 電池再利用技術 13
第一節 動力電池介紹 13
第二節 電動車電池控制模組 16
第三節 儲能系統設計架構 18
第三章 電池技術難題 47
第一節 階段一影響動力電池的壽命因素分析 47
第二節 階段二退役電池如何分析可使用壽命 59
第三節 階段三儲能系統的設計及預測壽命 64
第四章 產業分析 73
第一節 電動汽車品牌介紹 73
第二節 儲能系統模式 76
第三節 電池回收產業分析 80
第五章 結論 93
第一節 結論 93
第二節 未來展望 95
參考文獻 97
附錄 97

參考文獻
一、中文部分
林登禾 、黃柏漢、翁國樑、林明志、2014、電動車輛電池模組健康狀態之研究。
陳鵬倫 、邱奕超 、涂家政、2012、鋰電池老化及健康狀態之估測
許家興、2009、電動車電池類型與電池基礎介紹
鍾嘉雯 、2016、改變能源使用的儲能世界
陳俊全 解讀動力電池回收利用發展現狀及趨勢
葉明吉 廢乾電池回收處理政策之探討

二、英文部分
Barrie Lawson 、2005、Battery Life and Death of Discharger
Barrie Lawson 、2005、Grid Scale Energy Storage Systems
三、網路
“維基百科-特斯拉 Model S Roadster”
“維基百科-寶馬 BMW”
“維基百科-日產汽車 NISSAN”
“維基百科-比亞迪”