2017年底1111人力銀行發佈其企業人力調查，顯示高達6成6的企業面臨「人才荒」的壓力，尤其在進用人才時遭遇到的最大難處以「徵才」50.6%居冠；再加上企業普遍認為台灣就業市場最需解決的第一大問題就是「人才流動率高」(佔46.4%)。有鑑於此，近年有許多新進人員相關的研究，顯示在徵才大不易的情形下，如何透過各種管理行為與措施，提升新進人員留任率與工作績效，已成為企業重視的課題。本研究旨在探討同儕與主管對於新進人員的社會支持，對其在組織中角色行為展現是否具關聯性，以及社會支持對團隊凝聚力是否具關聯性，並是否會進一步影響新進人員角色行為。
本研究旨在探討同儕之社會支持、主管之社會支持、團隊凝聚力、角色內行為與角色外行為之關聯性。透過問卷調查法針對台灣各產業新進人員進行研究，本研究共回收103份有效問卷。結果發現：(1) 同儕與主管之社會支持，可以顯著預測團隊凝聚力；(2) 團隊凝聚力對角色行為具有部分顯著的預測效果；(3) 社會支持對角色行為有部分顯著的正向影響；(4)團隊凝聚力對於社會支持與角色行為之關聯不具中介效果。
　　本研究綜合實證結果，提出以下幾點之管理實務意涵，以供實務界參考：
1. 推行學長姊制度與促進團隊合作，提升對新進人員同儕之社會支持程度
2. 提升團隊凝聚力

The manpower survey conducted by 1111 job bank revealed that 66% of enterprises suffered from lack of manpower. Furthermore, 50.6% of them regard “recruiting” as the most difficult part in the overall hiring process. In general, most enterprises agree “high turnover” is the most serious problem in Taiwan job market. Therefore, recently there are many studies focusing on “new employees”. The aim is to find out how to implement managerial practice to improve new employees’ high turnover issue as well as enhance their performances. The research is to study the effects of peers’ and supervisors’ social support on new employees’ role behaviors. Moreover, we investigate if there is correlation between social support and group cohesiveness, and if this correlation will further influence new employees’ role behaviors.
The relationship among peer support, supervisor support, group cohesiveness, in-role behaviors and extra-role behaviors are discussed. Through conducting a survey on new employees, we collected 103 valid questionnaires. The results show (1) The effects of peers’ and supervisors’ support can positively predict group cohesiveness; (2) The effects of group cohesiveness partially and positively predict role behaviors; (3) The effects of social support have partial positive impact on role behaviors; (4) Group cohesiveness doesn’t have mediating effect between social support and role behaviors.
We propose two suggestions for managerial practice based on this study:
1. Implement mentor program and stimulate teamwork.
2. Enhance group cohesiveness.

論文審定書 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻探討 4
第一節 社會支持 4
第二節 團隊凝聚力 8
第三節 角色行為 10
第四節 社會支持、團隊凝聚力與角色行為 13
第三章 研究方法 15
第一節 研究架構與假設 15
第二節 研究對象與調查方法 17
第三節 問卷設計與研究變數衡量方式 19
第四節 資料分析方法 23
第四章 研究資料分析 25
第一節 敘述統計 25
第二節 相關分析 25
第三節 迴歸分析 26
第四節 階層線性模式分析 27
第五章 結論與建議 37
第一節 研究結論 37
第二節 管理意涵 40
第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議 41
參考文獻 43
附錄 問卷

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