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博碩士論文 etd-0724120-180908 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0724120-180908
論文名稱
Title
台灣、美國與芬蘭青年工作貧窮政策之比較研究
The Comparative Study of Working Poor Policies for Youth among Taiwan, the United States and Finland
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
107
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2020-07-29
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2020-08-24
關鍵字
Keywords
低薪、非典型勞動、青年政策、工作貧窮政策、青年工作貧窮
low wages, non-standard employment, working poor policies, youth policies, working poor in youth
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5911 次,被下載 161
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5911 times, has been downloaded 161 times.
中文摘要
全球化下貧窮呈現多元的態樣,新型態貧窮的出現成為當前人類的共同挑
戰,隨著工作不再是貧窮的最佳解方,工作貧窮此一議題浮上檯面,本世代之
青年面臨著努力工作卻仍無法逃離貧窮的漩渦。本論文之目的乃針對當前我國
青年所面臨之工作貧窮現象加以探究,了解其背後可能之成因及相關影響因
素,並比較分析其他不同福利體制國家,包括芬蘭、美國等青年工作貧窮情況
及相關政策,借鏡他國之經驗與成效,同時結合我國現有相關政策及工作貧窮
總體因素進行調整,期許能為我國青年工作貧窮問題提出可參考之政策建議。

本研究透過文獻分析之方式探討台灣、美國及芬蘭的青年工作貧窮現象及
其直接或間接影響此一現象之政策,經研究發現在高等教育技術人才方面與青
年工作貧窮之關係在三個國家間十分不同,故青年就學與就業政策之適用具有
落差。在工資設計方面台灣與美國採用中央基本工資設定之模式,芬蘭則採取
共同集體共識之方式訂定勞工薪資,台灣在未來若能學習芬蘭強化工會功能及
勞工集體力量將可能有助於勞工與資方進行薪資談判與福利保障。在就業模式
中,台灣過去參考美國開放非典型勞動以因應全球化下彈性化生產模式,然而
此種勞動模式已對勞工生態產生相當大之影響,在法規部分,台灣及美國近年
來僅做小部分規範,芬蘭則嚴格規定非典型勞動的適用及相關權益保障,也因
此在統計數字上可以觀察到芬蘭的青年非典型勞動增加並未對青年工作貧窮有
明顯的影響,在台灣青年為最大宗非典型勞動者的情形下,建議台灣能參考芬
蘭相關發令,有效控制非典型勞動之濫用並給予勞動者保護,則可能有利於青
年工作貧窮情況的減緩。
Abstract
Globalization has brought poverty into a diverse pattern. The emergence of new
types of poverty has become a significance challenge at the global level. As
employment is no longer considered as the best way for combating poverty, the working
poor has become a popular issue now.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the challenge of working poor faced by
the young generations and to understand the possible causes and related influencing
factors in Taiwan, the United States and Finland. This study then compares and analyzes
the working poor policies for youth among those three countries applying different
welfare systems. By examining the causation and situation about the working poor of
young people and the policies that may affect this phenomenon both directly or
indirectly in these three countries, this study found out that many policies may affect
working poor in youth in the three countries and the policies are very different. The
policies include the higher education policies, the wage policies, the in-work benefits,
and policies for non-standard employment. In conclusion, this study takes working poor
policies for youth in both the United States and Finland as a foundation to offer a policy
recommendation for Taiwan welfare system by also considering Taiwanese culture.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 ................................................................................................. i
誌謝 ............................................................................................................ ii
中文摘要 ................................................................................................... iii
英文摘要 ................................................................................................... iv
第一章 緒論............................................................................................... 1
第一節 研究動機與目的.................................................................... 1
第二節 文獻回顧 ................................................................................ 3
第三節 研究設計 .............................................................................. 28
第四節 章節安排 .............................................................................. 33
第二章 台灣青年工作貧窮現象與政策 ................................................ 35
第一節 台灣對青年工作貧窮之定義 ............................................. 35
第二節 台灣青年工作貧窮現象及影響因素 ................................. 36
第三節 台灣當前因應青年工作貧窮之政策 ................................. 42
第三章 美國青年工作貧窮現象與政策 ................................................ 49
第一節 美國對青年工作貧窮之定義 ............................................. 49
第二節 美國青年工作貧窮的現象及影響因素 ............................. 50
第三節 美國因應青年工作貧窮之政策 ......................................... 56
第四章 芬蘭青年工作貧窮現象與政策 ................................................ 63
第一節 芬蘭對工作貧窮之定義 ..................................................... 63
第二節 芬蘭青年工作貧窮現象及影響因素 ................................. 65
第三節 芬蘭因應青年工作貧窮之政策 ......................................... 70
第五章 結論............................................................................................. 77
第一節 研究發現 .............................................................................. 77
第二節 未來建議 .............................................................................. 86
參考文獻 ................................................................................................... 91
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