個人在政治談論的互動當中，在社群當中的多數政治意見，可能使得個人的政治行為在政治談論的互動當中受到影響，在Diana C. Mutz （2002）的研究發現美國選民在政治談論當中，政治談論社群的異質性越高，反而會降低投票參與，Mutz的研究發現在台灣選民的身上會不會有一樣的發現呢？
除了人際互動會影響民眾的政治立場與行為之外，大眾傳播媒體的影響亦不容忽視，民眾透過閱聽與自己立場一致的傳播媒體增強自己的政治信念，因此本研究進一步推論：無論身在政治談論社群的同質性或異質性的民眾，在選擇性接觸媒體行為的調節之下，投票參與行為仍不受影響。
本研究透過兩個階段的研究資料來驗證本研究的研究問題與研究假設，分別是TEDS2012資料檔與微笑小熊調查小棧進行網路蒐集方式的調查資料，以解釋政治談論社群的同異質性與選擇性接觸媒體對於投票參與的影響。
研究結果發現：民眾在政治談論社群的同、異質性確實會影響民眾在投票參與，尤其是選舉前的投票參與意願，證實Mutz的研究發現在台灣選民身上也有相同的發現，同時也證實選擇性接觸媒體對投票參與有正向的影響。
另外，本研究發現「選擇性接觸媒體」對於政治談論社群的同異質性和投票參與之間的調節機制發揮了抑制的作用，將選擇性接觸媒體作為政治談論異質性社群對投票參與的解方沒有得到經驗性資料的證實，關於如何解決政治談論社群的交叉壓力對投票不參與解答，未來尚有進一步探索的可能。

One’s political opinion and action may possibly be influenced by the majority of certain communities. In a study, Diana C. Mutz (2002) found the condition that network of political discussion, the higher heterogeneity the community is, the lower the voting participation is. However, does the model apply to Taiwan? How well does it explain Taiwanese voters’ vote intension and participation?
Studies also suggest that the mass media also played an important role. People may enhance their political beliefs by selectively watching news programs. I make a further corollary: The level of network heterogeneity matters little when individuals conduct “selective exposure.”
In order to verify my hypotheses, I conduct a two-stage study. The first-stage data came from a face-to-face survey project TEDS2012 , while the second, from a web survey provided by smilepoll.tw. The data are used for explaining whether heterogeneity of network of political discussion and selective exposure towards media affect the vote intention and participation.
The results show that: people in the network with high heterogeneity are less likely to vote, especially the willingness to take part in the pre-election voting. Mutz study was confirmed, and this study supplements it with selective exposure perspective and evidence. The results also shows that the "selective exposure" plays a moderation role. It has an inhibiting effect between network heterogeneity of political discussion and the vote participation.
As there haven’t had any empirical evidence by using the selective exposure perspective as a solution to explain the connection between network heterogeneity and voting behavior. Therefore, this study contributes the initial step of this inquiry but demands further studies for more clear pictures.

中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
圖次 vii
表次 viii
第 一 章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第 二 章 文獻檢閱 5
第一節 政治談論與交叉壓力 5
第二節 具政黨特性的新聞（partisan news）與選擇性接觸媒體 9
第三節 政治談論社群、選擇性接觸媒體與投票參與 12
第 三 章 研究設計與方法 18
第一節 研究問題與架構 18
第二節 研究方法 21
第 四 章 資料分析 36
第一節 依變數與自變數的變數分布情形 36
第二節 TEDS2012調查資料的迴歸分析結果 45
第三節 網路調查資料迴歸分析結果-重製Mutz研究模型 49
第四節 網路調查資料迴歸分析結果-選擇性接觸媒體的影響 53
第五節 選擇性接觸媒體有沒有作為中介變數（Mediation）的可能？ 59
第 五 章 結論與討論 63
第一節 結論 63
第二節 討論 68
第三節 研究限制與未來展望 72
參考文獻 73
附錄 81
附錄一、 TEDS2012資料編碼與分析 81
附錄二、網路調查資料編碼與分析（2016選舉前） 98
附錄三、網路調查資料編碼與分析（2016選舉後合併選舉前資料） 122

一、 中文：
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2009，《民意調查新論》，臺北市：五南。
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2006，〈社會網絡、政治討論與投票參與〉，《選舉研究》，14(2)：01-24。
吳重禮、鄭文智、崔曉倩
2006，〈交叉網絡與政治參與：2001年縣市長與立法委員的實證研究〉，《人文及社會科學集刊》，18(4)：599-638。
劉正山
2009，〈2008年總統大選競選期間政黨支持者選擇性接觸媒體傾向 分析〉，《選舉研究》，16(2)：51-70。
劉正山、朱淑華
2012，〈不中間的中間選民：以質性方法初探有政黨傾向選民隱藏政黨傾向的原因〉，《東吳政治學報》，30(14)：177-233。
彭芸
2001，〈2000年總統大選的媒介使用、選舉參與及投票參與〉，《選舉研究》，7(1)：21-52。
2007，〈我國民眾媒體內容偏好與其政治態度之關聯性研究〉，《選舉研究》，14(1)：85-117。

陳憶寧、羅文輝
2006，〈媒介使用與政治資本〉，《新聞學研究》，88：83-134。
張佑宗、趙珮如
2006，〈社會脈絡、個人網絡與臺灣2004年立法委員選舉選民的投票抉擇〉，《臺灣民主季刊》，3(2)：1-38。
蔡佳泓、陳陸輝
2015，〈「中國因素」或是「公民不服從」？從定群追蹤樣本探討太陽花學運之民意〉，《人文及社會科學集刊》，27(4)：573-603。
蔡佳泓
2001，〈解析臺灣選民的投票參與〉，《選舉研究》，8(2)：125-154。
陳敏鳳
2006，〈媒體立場的群聚分析─以台灣地區2004年總統選舉為例〉，國立臺灣大學政治學系政府與公共事務碩士在職專班碩士論文。
韓景樺
2016，〈影響台灣民眾支持社會運動之因素－以318學運為例〉，淡江大學公共行政學系公共政策碩士班學位論文。


二、 英文：
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2008 “Social Networks, Political Discussion, and Voting in Italy: A Study of the 2006 Election” Political Communication. 25 (4): 423-444.
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2014 “Selective Exposure and Agenda Setting: Exploring the Impact of Partisan Media Exposure on Agenda Diversity and Political Participation” Asian Journal of Communication. 24(4): 301-314.
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2013 “Televised Exposure to Politics: New Measures for a Fragmented Media Environment” American Journal of Political Science. 57 (1): 236-248.
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2009 “Political Discussion Frequency, Network Size, and "Heterogeneity" of Discussion as Predictors of Political Knowledge and Participation.” Journal of Communication 59(2): 205-224.
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2009“Politically Motivated Reinforcement Seeking: Reframing the Selective Exposure Debate” Journal of Communication 59(4): 676-699.
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2011“The Friendly Media Phenomenon: A Cross-National Analysis of Cross-Cutting Exposure” Political Communication 28 (1): 42-66.
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2013 “All Virtue Is Relative: A Response to Prior” Political Communication 30(4): 635-653.
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2015 “How Politics-News Parallelism Invigorates Partisanship Strength” International Political Science Review 36(2):153-167.
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2009 “Are Diverse Political Networks Always Bad for Participatory Democracy? Indifference, Alienation, and Political Disagreements” American Politics Research 37(5): 879-898
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2014 “Selective Exposure for Better or Worse: Its Mediating Role for Online News' Impact on Political Participation” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 19 (2): 184-196.
Kim, Y. and Chen, HT.
2015 “Discussion Network Heterogeneity Matters: Examining a Moderated Mediation Model of Social Media Use and Civic Engagement” International Journal of Communication 9: 2344-2365.
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2015 “Does Disagreement Mitigate Polarization? How Selective Exposure and Disagreement Affect Political Polarization” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 92 (4): 915-937.
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2015 “Exposure to Political Discussion in College is Associated With Higher Rates of Political Participation Over Time” Political Communication 32 (2): 292-309.
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2006 “Predicting Deliberative Conversation: the Impact of Discussion Networks, Media Use, and Political Cognitions” Political Communication 23 (4): 443-460.
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2006 “Political Disagreement in Context: The Conditional Effect of Neighborhood Context, Disagreement and Political Talk on Electoral Participation”Political Behavior 28(4): 349-366.
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Nir, L.
2011“Disagreement and Opposition in Social Networks: Does Disagreement Discourage Turnout?” Political Studies 59 (3): 674-692.
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