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博碩士論文 etd-0021114-134756 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0021114-134756
論文名稱
Title
歐盟與俄羅斯能源互動之研究
Studies on the EU-Russia Energy Deal
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
134
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-01-09
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-01-21
關鍵字
Keywords
天然氣、歐俄能源夥伴、能源政策、能源外交、能源供應安全、石油
Energy Supply Security, Natural Gas, Oil, Energy Policy, EU-Russia Energy Partnership, Energy Diplomacy
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5784 次,被下載 1051
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5784 times, has been downloaded 1051 times.
中文摘要
能源對於人類發展史上一直扮演著舉足輕重的角色。對歐盟而言,是發展國內經濟、民生、軍事、以及工業的重要命脈;對俄羅斯而言,能源不僅是國內經濟發展的主要血脈、國家主要的鉅額外匯收入與財政泉源和社會發展的動力,而且深遠影響整個國家的內政與對外外交政策。本文旨在探討歐盟在面對國際油氣短缺、能源市場結構改變、地緣政治與地緣經濟、氣候變遷、過度依賴對俄羅斯能源進口等種種因素的挑戰之下,歐盟內部與各會員國制定出對內以及對外之政策目標、因應措施與對策以及解決之道。俄羅斯,做為全球能源儲備、生產與供應大國在面對歐盟為了減少對其能源的過度依賴,進而發展出一套對策以做之回應。
Abstract
Energy always plays a vital role in the history of human economical and geopolitical development. In the EU, energy has become an imperative aspect of the development of the various domestic economies, an essential part of the people’s day to day livelihood, the fuel that drives the military, as well as the lifeline of modern industry. In Russia, not only does energy provide the necessary key to the development of its domestic economy, it is also its main source of foreign exchange revenues, and it provides the source of power for its financial and social development. Furthermore, energy has a far reaching impact on Russia’s domestic and foreign policies.
This thesis explores the EU’s reaction in face of international oil and gas shortages, structural changes to the energy market, geopolitics, geoeconomics, climate change, the various challenges stemming from an overreliance on Russian oil and gas imports, the establishment of the EU and Member States internal and external policy objectives, as well as the strategies, measures taken, and possible solutions to becoming energy independent. This thesis will furthermore address the EU’s development of countermeasures to diminish its excessive energy dependence on Russia. This is also an analysis of the counter-measures and policies taken by Russia in response to EU’s attempts to become less dependent on Russia’s energy.
目次 Table of Contents
目錄
第一章、 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 文獻回顧 4
第三節 研究理論與方法 10
第四節 研究範圍與限制 20
第二章、 歐盟與俄羅斯能源互動之背景因素 22
第一節 歐盟能源概況 22
第二節 俄羅斯能源概況 29
第三章、 歐盟與俄羅斯之能源互賴 39
第一節 歐俄能源交易 39
第二節 歐盟能源政策與會員國之應對策略 49
第三節 俄羅斯能源政策 74
第四章、 歐盟與俄羅斯之能源合作建制 86
第一節 俄羅斯面臨之困境 86
第二節 歐俄能源技術合作機制 93
第五章、 結論 97
參考文獻 100
參考文獻 References
參考文獻
(一) 中文

一、 中文專書

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張台麟,2009,《歐盟在全球化下的角色 : 機會與挑戰》,臺北市 : 政大外語學院。
───,2012,歐洲聯盟推動對外政策的策略與主軸,臺北市:政大歐洲語文學程。
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───,2006,《歐洲國家的外交與安全政策》,台北市:台北國際研究學會。
陳勁,2004,《歐盟外交政策與對外關係》,台北市:五南。
陳麗娟,2010,《里斯本條約後歐洲聯盟新面貌》,台北市:五南。
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趙丕、李效東,2008,《大國崛起與國家安全戰略選擇》,軍事科學出版社,北京市。
鄭羽,2008,《普京時代 2000~2008》,經濟管理出版社,北京市。
鄭羽、龐昌傳等著,2003,《俄羅斯能源外交與中俄油氣合作》,北京:經濟管理出版社。
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二、中文期刊

王永興,2009,〈2008年處於轉型十字路口的俄羅斯〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》,
(1):1-7。
王酈久,2001,〈普京改革與新千年初的俄羅斯〉,《現代國際關係》,(1):20-23。
甘逸驊,2006,〈歐洲安全與防衛政策的軍事層面:歐盟的全球戰略地位〉,《問題與研究》,45 (5):111-36。
朱曉中,2003,〈雙東擴的政治學-北約和歐盟擴大及其對歐洲觀念的影響〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》,(2):57-61。
吳志中,2005,〈探討歐洲憲法之地緣政治意義與發展〉,《台灣國際法季刊》,2 (4):7-38。
吳萬寶,2002,〈歐洲安全暨合作組織-歐洲安全憲章析論〉,《大葉學報》,11 (2):40-64。
───,2002,〈歐盟建立自主行動能力初探〉,《大葉學報》,11 (2):41-51。
───,2004,〈歐盟歐洲安全戰略之研究〉,《研究與動態 》,(10):103 -117。
───,2011,〈論歐盟共同安全暨防衛政策與境外任務〉,《歐洲國際評論》,(7):1-27。
宋魁,2005,〈新世紀俄羅斯能源戰略的地緣取向〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐市場》,(4):143-67。
汪波,2004,〈新功能主義:對功能主義理論的重新審視〉,《武漢大學國際政治與國際關係學報》,3 (57):328-332。
沈玄池,2000,〈歐洲聯盟共同外交暨安全政策體制與運作方式改革之研究〉,《美歐季刊》,14 (3):279-293。
沈玄池,2005,〈歐洲聯盟第五次擴大對其共同外交暨安全政策影響之研究〉,《全球政治評論》,1 (9):1 -21。
肖貴純,2008,〈俄羅斯外交中的歐亞主義文化特徵〉,《西伯利亞研究》,35 (5):41-44。
辛翠玲、吳重禮合著,2002,〈從合作到整合:論歐洲政治合作的發展〉,《中山人文科學期刊》10 (1)。
俞邃,1998,〈北約東擴以來的俄羅斯外交〉,《國際問題研究》,(3):2-12。
───,2001,〈有關普京政策的幾個認識問題〉,《現代國際關係》,(140):1-6。
姜毅,2002,〈俄羅斯的國際地位與外交政策抉擇〉,《東歐中亞研究》,(3) 2-9。
───,2004,〈俄羅斯與歐盟-新的合作夥伴〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》,(1)。
夏立平,2004,〈21世紀美歐俄三邊關係:能否超越地緣政治〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》,(1)。
夏義善,1997,〈俄和西方圍繞北約東擴的大較量〉,《國際問題研究》,(3) 34-36。
───,1997,〈重振大國地位的俄羅斯外交〉,《國際問題研究》,(1):22-28。
───,2000,〈普丁外交:既有繼承又有調整〉,《東歐中亞研究》,(2):71-76。
孫午生,2002,〈俄羅斯外交政策分析〉,《東歐中亞研究》,(3):10-15。
孫永祥,2010,〈俄全球能源安全政策考量及中俄能源合作〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐市場》,(2):16-19。
秦宣仁,2005,〈國際戰略格局的重要籌碼—能源外交與能源戰略〉,《國際貿易》,(1):30-31。
翁鳳英,2007,〈油菜花與稻米之爭:能源作物的迷思〉,《能源報導》:23-26。
───,2007,〈能源技術與思維在歐盟國家的應用〉,《能源報導》:26-29。
───,2007,〈歐盟生質能發展現況〉,《能源報導》:23-26。
高淑琴、賈慶國,2011,〈俄羅斯能源外交:理論學說的形成及發展趨勢〉,《東北亞論壇》,(2):61-67。
張惠玲,2000,〈歐盟「共同外交暨安全政策」之運作理論與發展〉,《問題與研究 》,39 (11):49 -70。
───,2000,〈歐盟「共同外交暨安全政策」之運作理論與發展〉,《問題與研究》,39 (11): 60-67。
張嘉斌,2010,〈歐盟能源供應安全〉,《臺德學刊》,(18):58-78。
曹英偉,2009,〈俄羅斯地緣政治重建中的能源因素〉,《西伯利亞研究》,36 (2):20-22。
莫大華,2008,〈批判地緣政治研究戰略〉,《問題與研究》,47 (2):57-85。
許峻賓,2007,〈全球再生能源發展概況〉,《能源報導》:27-30。
陳大麟,2002,〈石油、天然氣的特性〉,《科學發展》,(356):60-63。
陳芃,2004,〈看數字在說話—國際能源供需現況情勢(下)〉,《能源報導》:14-16。
蔡信行,2006,〈油氣供應國情勢分析研究〉,《能源報導》:14-16。
曾怡仁、吳政嶸,2009,〈密特蘭尼的功能主義國際關係理論──一種比較的觀點〉,《台灣國際研究季刊》,5 (4):143-67。
董磊,2003,〈普京的國際政治觀與俄羅斯國際戰略〉,《現代國際關係》,(6)。
趙懷普,2003,〈歐盟共同外交政策建設評估〉,《外交學院學報》,(2):29-35。
劉勇為、崔啟明,2008,〈俄羅斯反恐的國際合作〉,《俄羅斯研究》,(6):46-53。
劉桂玲,2000,〈普京當政後的俄羅斯外交走勢〉,《現代國際關係》,(6)。
劉莎,2006,〈全球化與歐盟國家主權讓渡〉,《承德民族師專學報》,26 (2):90-91。
劉顯得,2008,〈新功能主義及其批判〉,《雲南行政學院學報》,(2):12-14。
鄧玉英,1999,〈區域經濟發展整合趨勢〉,《亞太經濟》,(6):14。
龍舒甲,2000,〈北約擴大與俄羅斯的反應〉,《問題與研究》,37 (1)。
鍾志明,2005,〈歐洲聯盟擴大後之統合策略〉,《歐洲國際評論》,(1):103-123。
簡添松,2004,〈歐盟天然氣市場自由化之發展〉,《能源季刊》,34 (2):61-79。
羅英杰,2005,〈俄羅斯與歐盟的能源合作—兼論對中俄能源合作的啟示〉,《國際經濟評論》,(4):55-59。
───,2006,〈歐盟能源企業對俄羅斯油氣資源投資淺析〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐市場》,(11):22-28。
───,2005,〈歐盟國家對俄羅斯投資淺析〉,《俄羅斯研究》,(3):43-48。
藍玉春,2005,〈歐盟多層次治理:論點與現象〉,《政治科學論叢》,(24):49-76。
顧鏵麗,2009,〈葉爾欽時代俄羅斯外交政策的反思〉,《西伯利亞研究》,36 (2):27-29.

一、學位論文

吳慧真,2006,〈國際關係理論中的多邊主義:以歐盟共同外交暨安全政策為例〉,國立政治大學外交研究所碩士論文。
李孟融,2010,〈從俄德天然氣貿易來看俄羅斯經濟外交之實踐〉,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文。
夏明煌,2008,〈俄歐能源關係之研究〉,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文。
張德輝,2006,〈俄羅斯與歐盟政經關係研究〉,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文。
曾孔良,2008,〈俄羅斯普欽總統對歐盟政策之研究(1999-2005)〉,國立政治大學俄羅斯研究所碩士論文。
黃錦鐘,2011,〈影響新功能主義「溢出效果」之條件:歐洲整合(1986-2009)與兩岸關係(1987-2011)的比較分析〉,國立台灣大學政治學系碩士論文。

二、官方文件

中國經濟網,2012,〈“東西伯利亞-太平洋”石油管道全線貫通〉,
http://intl.ce.cn/qqss/201212/26/t20121226_23975742.shtml,檢索日期:2013年11月19日。
中華民國外交部,〈歐盟外交暨安全政策高級代表艾希頓針對東海情勢發表和平聲明〉,http://www.mofa.gov.tw/PDA/News/Detail/98a98462-5efd-49ce-85a4-64336ccf0621?arfid=88ce0e14-af13-4a76-8015-83fe91b55db0,檢索日期:2013年12月15日。
中華民國能源之星,2011,〈歐盟推動現況〉:
http://energystar.epa.gov.tw/plain/eu_promote_situation.asp,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
吳福成,2013,〈國際能源掃描〉,經濟部能源全球資訊網:
http://energymonthly.tier.org.tw/outdatecontent.asp?ReportIssue=201301&Page=39,檢索日期:2013年11月19日。
俄羅斯天然氣工業股份有限公司官網:http://www.gazprom.com/,檢索日期:2013年1月15日。
國家能源局能源節約和科技裝備司,國家能源局,2011,〈歐盟能源政策動態2011〉:http://www.tanzuji.com.cn/foreign_news/45/,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
張素美,2008,〈歐盟節能政策概況〉,經濟部能源全球資訊網:
http://energymonthly.tier.org.tw/outdatecontent.asp?ReportIssue=200809&Page=30,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
連結歐盟,2012,〈歐盟實用導覽手冊〉:
http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/taiwan/documents/more_info/2012_eu_guide_zt.pdf,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。

三、網路資料

glObserver,2012,〈歐盟:歐盟能源概況〉:http://globserver.cn/欧盟/能量,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
人民網,2011,〈從三任總統看俄羅斯外交政策〉,載自新華網,〈新俄羅斯的三任總統——現實鏡像〉,http://world.people.com.cn/BIG5/14893206.html,檢索日期:2013年3月6日。
中俄資訊網,2011,〈俄羅斯將建成6個石化集群欲重塑石化業格局〉,http://www.chinaru.info/zhongejmyw/jingmaotegao/7979.shtml,檢索日期:2013年11月28日。
伊戈爾•通貝格,2007,〈俄參與爭奪中亞天然氣〉,俄新網,http://big5.rusnews.cn/xinwentoushi/20070508/41769508.html,檢索日期:2013年1月8日。
何明鑫,2005,〈全局俄羅斯石油大棋局〉,北京商務周刊,http://biz.163.com/05/1122/18/236CQR0100021MUU.html,檢索日期:2013年2月4日。
───,2005,〈俄羅斯石油大棋局期望完成超級能源大國復興〉,北京商務周刊,http://biz.163.com/05/1122/19/236F7L7900020QC5.html,檢索日期:2013年2月4日。
───,2005,〈超級能源輸出地國:俄羅斯的石油大棋局〉,北京商務周刊,http://biz.163.com/05/1122/15/2363OPDM00020QC5.html,檢索日期:2013年2月4日。
東方日報,2012,〈俄巨型油管完工 強攻亞洲〉,http://www.orientaldaily.com.my/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=36496:&Itemid=198,檢索日期:2013年11月19日。
俄新網,〈普京之路〉,http://ebook.nlpi.edu.tw/ct.asp?xItem=286990&ctNode=209&mp=1,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2006,〈俄外長:俄與歐盟的關係不應僅限於能源合作〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20061024/41566095.html,檢索日期:2013年1月29日。
───,2006,〈俄贊成能源消費國和生產國之間進行對話〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_caijing/20060424/41440553.html,檢索日期:2013年1月5日。
───,2006,〈英國呼籲俄在G8框架內採取措施保障能源安全〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20060426/41442033.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2006,〈普京呼籲歐盟不要懼怕俄羅斯〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20061123/41588716.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2006,〈歐俄重申必須保持能源市場可預見性和穩定性〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20061023/41565039.html,檢索日期:2013年1月3日。
───,2007,〈俄欲擴展油氣運輸網以降低對過境國的依賴〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_caijing/20070122/41685151.html,檢索日期:2013年1月3日。
───,2007,〈歐盟委員:入世是俄羅斯同歐盟一體化的出發點〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20071018/41932856.html,檢索日期:2013年1月8日。
───,2008,〈俄外長:天然氣出口國組織有助于穩定國際天然氣價格〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20081110/42325320.html,檢索日期:2013年1月4日。
───,2008,〈俄專家稱伊朗可能威脅俄羅斯天然氣利益〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/xinwentoushi/20080414/42107877.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2008,〈俄媒體:歐洲準備降低對俄羅斯能源的依賴性〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/guojiyaowen/guoji_caijing/20081114/42331750.html,檢索日期:2013年1月9日。
───,2008,〈俄羅斯不爭取成為歐盟成員國〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20081017/42302699.html,檢索日期:2013年1月7日。
───,2008,〈俄羅斯天然氣論壇將討論俄羅斯歐盟能源對話問題〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_caijing/20081110/42325473.html,檢索日期:2013年1月4日。
───,2008,〈俄羅斯外長:世界金融危機不影響對歐洲天然氣供應〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20081030/42317480.html,檢索日期:2013年1月20日。
───,2008,〈俄羅斯駐歐盟代表:俄羅斯不會很快批准能源憲章條約〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20081110/42325657.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2008,〈俄羅斯應該自行建造大陸架油氣開發設備〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_caijing/20080513/42139145.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2008,〈普京相信南流天然氣管道工程將順利實施〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20080229/42058564.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2008,〈歐盟主席:歐盟能源安全政策不針對俄羅斯〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/guojiyaowen/guoji_caijing/20081113/42330256.html,檢索日期:2013年1月4日。
───,2008,〈歐盟呼籲向俄羅斯石油領域投資〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/eguoxinwen/eluosi_duiwai/20081009/42293348.html,檢索日期:2013年1月7日。
───,2008,〈歐盟計劃建成超級能源網以保障能源安全〉,http://big5.rusnews.cn/guojiyaowen/guoji_caijing/20081113/42329683.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
───,2013,〈上半年俄ESPO管線向中國輸油1000萬噸〉,http://news.sina.com.tw/article/20130808/10342700.html,檢索日期:2013年11月19日。
柳豐華,2004,〈烏克蘭對外政策中的能原因素〉,《俄羅斯中亞東歐研究》,中國俄羅斯東歐中亞研究網:http://euroasia.cass.cn/news/126423.htm,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
胡逢瑛,〈全球經融危機後的俄羅斯外交轉型特點〉,元智電子報,http://web2.yzu.edu.tw/e_news/652/9_learn.html,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
崔宏偉,〈歐盟天然氣供應安全困境及其對策〉,世經評論•北京:http://211.81.31.53:88/index/showdoc.asp?blockcode=sjnal&filename=201107040824,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
陳年久,2012,〈普京時代重臨前瞻:抗衡西方重俄大國地位〉,環球資訊,http://www.360doc.com/content/12/0506/17/1511603_209074365.shtml,檢索日期:2013年2月4日。
新疆哲學社會科學網,2011,〈葉利欽時代俄羅斯外交政策的反思〉,http://big5.xjass.com/zy/content/2011-11/16/content_212516.htm,檢索日期:2013年1月18日。
───,2012,〈冷戰後俄羅斯國家定位難題與外交走向〉,http://big5.xjass.com/zy/content/2012-05/16/content_232489.htm,檢索日期:2013年2月4日。
裘元倫,2005,〈歐盟扮演的角色〉,《現代國際關係》,中國俄羅斯東歐中亞研究網:http://euroasia.cass.cn/news/153978.htm,檢索日期:2013年3月19日。
劉乾,2007,〈出口多元化-俄羅斯能源戰略的必然選擇〉,俄新網http://big5.rusnews.cn/xinwentoushi/20070122/41685555.html,檢索日期:2013年1月6日。
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(二) 英文

一、英文專書

Ali M. El-Agraa. 2007. The European Union : economics and policies, Cambridge ; NewYork : Cambridge University Press.
Blavoukos, Spyros and Bourantonis Dimitris. 2011. The EU presence in international organizations London ; New York : Routledge.
Bordachev, T. 2003. Europe’s Russia problem: immediate concerns and long-term prerequisites, in I. Kempe (ed.), Prospects and Risks Beyond EU Enlargement. Eastern Europe: Challenges of a Pan-European Policy, Opladen: Leske & Budrich, pp. 77–106.
Borisocheva, Ksenia. 2007. Analysis of the Oil-and-Gas-Pipeline-Links between EU and Russia, Centre for Russian and Eurasia, Athens, Greece, p. 11.
Bretherton, Charlotte and Vogler John. 2006. The European Union as a global actor, London ; New York : Routledge.
Cardwell, Paul James. 2009. EU external relations and systems of governance: the CFSP, Euro-Mediterranean partnership and migra, London; New York : Routledge.
Cottey, A. (ed.).1999. Subregional Cooperation in the New Europe: Building Security, Prosperity and Solidarity from the Barents to the Black Sea, East–West Institute, New York.
D. Allen, and M. Smith, 1998. The European Union’s security presence: barrier, facilitator, or manager, in C. Rhodes (ed.), The European Union in the World Community, Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Rienner, pp. 45–63.
Dannreuther, Roland. 2004. European Union foreign and security policy : towards a neighbourhood strategy, London ; New York : Routledge.
Diez, Thomas, Albert Mathias and Stetter Stephan. 2008. The European Union and border conflicts : the power of integration and association, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Dodonov, B. 2003. Energy aspects of EU enlargement on ‘‘direct neighbourhood’’, in I. Kempe (ed.), Prospects and Risks Beyond EU Enlargement. Eastern Europe: Challenges of a Pan-European Policy, Opladen: Leske & Budrich, pp. 251–74.
Ducheˆne, F. 1973. The European Community and the uncertainties of interdependence, in M. Kohnstamm and W. Hager (eds), A Nation Writ Large? Foreign-Policy Problems before the European Community, London: Macmillan.
Ernst, B. Haas. 2000. Does Constructivism Subsume Neo-functionalism? In Thomas Christiansen, Knud Erik Jorgensen and Antje Wiener. The Social Construction of Europe. London: Sage. p. 29.
Giessmann, H.J. and Gustenau, G.E. (eds) 2001. Security Handbook 2001 – Security and Military in Central and Eastern Europe, Nomos, Baden–Baden.
Ginsberg, Roy. 1998. The impact of enlargement on the role of the European Union in the world, in J. Redmond and G. Rosenthal (eds), The Expanding European Union, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, pp. 197–215.
───. 2012. The European Union in global security, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan.
Gomart, Thomas. 2008. EU-Russia Relations: Toward a Way Out of Depression, Center for Strategic and International Studies. Washington, DC : Center for Strategic & International Studies.
Gowan, David. 2000. How the EU can help Russia, London: Centre for European Reform.
Grabbe, H. 2002. Stabilizing the East while keeping out the easterners: internal and external security logics in conflict, in S. Lavenex and E.M. Uc¸arer (eds), Migration and the Externalities of European Integration, Langham, MD: Lexington Books, pp. 91–104.
Haukkala, H. and Medvedev, S. (eds) 2001. The EU Common Strategy on Russia: Learning the Grammar of the CFSP, UPI–FIIA, Helsinki.
Hughes, James. 2006. EU relations with Russia: partnership or asymmetric interdependency? In: Casarini, Nicola and Muzu, Costanza, (eds.) The EU's foreign policy in an evolving international system: the road to convergence. Palgrave studies in European Union politics . Palgrave, London, UK.
Laïdi, Zaki. 2008. EU foreign policy in a globalized world : normative power and social preferences, London ; New York : Routledge.
Lewis, A. (ed.). 2002. The EU and Belarus: Between Moscow and Brussels, The Federal Trust, London.
Lo, Bobo. 2003. Vladimir Putin and the evolution of Russian Foreign Policy, London: The Royal Institute of International Affairs.
Locatelli, Catherine. 2010. Europe’s gas supplies: diversification with Caspian gas and the “Russian risk”, LABORATOIRE D’ECONOMIE DE LA PRODUCTION ET DE L’INTEGRATION INTERNATIONALE.
Matlary, Janne Haaland. 2009. European Union security dynamics: in the new national interest, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Merlingen, Michael. 2006. European Union peacebuilding and policing : governance and the European Security and Defence Policy, London ; New York : Routledge.
Milov. V. 2006. The Power of Oil and Energy Insecurity, Moscow: Institute of Energy Policy.
Missiroli, A. (ed.). 2001. Coherence for European Security Policy: Debates – Cases – Assessments, Occasional Paper 27, WEU–ISS, Paris.
───. 2002. Bigger EU, Wider CFSP, Stronger ESDP? The View from Central Europe, Occasional Paper 34, EU–ISS, Paris.
Pinder, John, Shishkov Yuri. 2002. The EU & Russia: the promise of partnership, London: Federal Trust.
Preston, P.W. and Gilson Julie, (eds.) 2001. The European Union and East Asia : inter-regional linkages in a changing global system, Northampton, MA : Edward Elgar.
Richard G. Whitman and Stefan Wolff. 2012. The European Union as a global conflict manager, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge.
Richardson, Jeremy. 2006. European Union : power and policy-making, New York : Routledge.
Rosecrance, R. (1998) The European Union: a new type of international actor, in J. Zielonka (ed.), Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy, The Hague: Kluwer Law International, pp. 15–23.
Rosefielde Steven. 2005. Russia in the 21st century, Cambridge University press.
Shevtsova Lilia. 2003. Putin’s Russia, Carnegie Endowment.
Smith, K.E. 1999. The Making of EU Foreign Policy: The Case of Eastern Europe. St.Martin’s Press, New York.
Smith, M.A. and Timmins, G. 2000. Building a Bigger Europe: EU and NATO Enlargement in Comparative Perspective, Ashgate, Aldershot.
Smith, Michael E. 2003. Europe's Foreign and Security Policy : The Institutionalization of Cooperation., Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
Stern, Jonathan. 2005. The Future of Russian Gas and Gazprom, Oxford University Press, USA.
Tanner, F. (ed.) 2001. The European Union as a Security Actor in the Mediterranean: ESDP, Soft Power and Peacemaking in EuroMediterranean Relations. Z¨urcher Beitr¨age zur Sicherheitspolitik und Konfliktforschung, Nr.61.
Telò, Mario. 2001. European Union and new regionalism : regional actors and global governance in a post-hegemonic era, Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT : Ashgate.
Thomas, Renard. 2012. The European Union and emerging powers in the 21st century : how Europe can shape a new global order, Burlington, VT : Ashgate.
Trofimenko Henry. 1999. Russian National Interests and the current crisis in Russia, Ashgate Publishing Limited, England.
Webber, M. 2001. Third–Party Inclusion in ESDP: A Case Study of Russia, European Foreign Affairs Review, VI (2001), 4, pp. 407–26.

二、 英文期刊

Averre, Derek. 2005. “Russia and the European Union: Convergence or Divergence?” European Security, Vol. 14, Issue 2, pp. 1-29.
───. 2008. “Russian Foreign Policy and the Global Political Environment.” Problems of post-communism, Vol. 55, Issue 5, pp.28.
Bentley, R.W. 2002. “Global oil & gas depletion: an overview.” Energy Policy Vol.30, pp. 189-205.
Bernhard, Stahl, Boekle Henning, Nadoll Jorg and Johannesdottir Anna. 2004. “Understanding the Atlanticist-Europeanist Divide in the CFSP: Comparing Denmark, France, Germany and the Netherlands.” European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 9, pp. 417-441.
Bilgin, Mert. 2009. “Geopolitics of European natural gas deCmand: Supplies from Russia, Caspian and the Middle East.” Russian Analytical digest, Volume 37, Issue 11, Pages 1-11.
Bořek, Lizec. 2003. “Do European Security Capacities Have Feet of Clay? Comments on the Institutional Setup of the European Security and Defense Policy,” Perspectives, No. 19, pp. 32-51.
Boussena, Sadek, Locatelli Catherine. 2011. “Gas market developments and their effect on relations between Russia and the EU.” OPEC Energy Review,Vol. 35, 1, pp. 27-46.
Bozbas, Kahraman. 2008. “Biodiesel as an alternative motor fuel: Production and policies in the European Union.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 12, Issue. 2, pp. 524-552.
Center for Security Studies (CSS). 2008. “Energy Security of the European Union,” Security Policy, Vol. 3, No. 36, pp. 1-3.
Correljé, Aad and van der Linde, Coby. 2006. “Energy supply security and geopolitics: A European perspective.” Energy Policy 34, 532–543.
Crowe, Brian. 2003. “A Common European Foreign Policy after Iraq?” International Affairs, No.79, pp. 533-546.
Deighton, Anne. 2002. “The European Security and Defence Policy,” Journal of Common Market Studies, No. 40, pp. 719-741.
Dickel, Ralf and Westphal Kirsten. 2012. “E U-Russia Gas Relations: How to Manage New Uncertainties and Imbalances.” SWP comments, pp. 1-8.
Ernst B. Haas. 1960. “International integration: The European and the Universal Process.” International Organization, vol. 4, p. 609.
Feklyunina, Valentina. 2008. “Battle for Perceptions: Projecting Russia in the West.” Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 605-629.
───. 2012. “Russia's International Images and its Energy Policy. An Unreliable Supplier?” Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 64 Issue 3, pp. 449-469.
Finon, Dominique, Locatelli Catherine. 2008. “Russian and European
gasinterdependence: Could contractual trade channel geopolitics?” Energy Policy, Vol. 36, Issue 1, pp. 423-442.
Friis, L. and Murphy, A. 1999. “The European Union and Central and Eastern Europe: governance and boundaries.” Journal of Common Market Studies 37(2): 211–32.
Giegerich, Bastian, and Wallace William. 2004. “Not Such a Soft Power: The External Deployment of European Forces,” Survival, No. 46, pp. 163-182.
Goldthau, Andreas. 2008. “Rhetoric versus reality: Russian threats to European energy supply.” Energy Policy Vol. 36, Issue 2, pp. 686-692.
Gvosdev, Nikolas K. 2007. “Russia: European but not Western?”, Orbis, Vol.51 Issue 1, pp.129-140.
Haine, Jean-Yves. 2004. “Idealism and Power: The New EU Security Strategy,” Current History, No. 103, pp. 107-112.
Haukkala, Hiski. 2008. “Russian Reactions to the European Neighborhood Policy.” Problems of post-communism,Vol. 55, Issue 5, pp. 40.
Hedenus, F., Azar, C., Johansson, DJA. 2010. “Energy security policies in EU-25—The expected cost of oil supply disruptions.” Energy Policy, Volume 38, Issue 3, pp. 1241-1250.
Hedlund, Stefan. 2011. “Russia as a Neighborhood Energy Bully.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 100, pp. 1-15.
Heinrich, Andreas & Pleines Heiko. 2012. “The Political Challenges of an Oil Boom: the Resource Curse and Political Stability in Russia.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 113, pp. 1-24.
Kaveshnikov Nikolay. 2010. “The issue of energy security in relations between Russia and the European Union,” European Security, Vol. 19, Issue 4, pp. 585-605.
Kerry, Longhurst and Zaborowski Marcin. 2004. “The Future of European Security,” European Security, No. 13, pp. 381-391.
Kirchner, Emil. 2010. “European Energy Security Co-operation: Between Amity and Enmity.” JCMS, Vol. 48. No. 4. pp. 859–880.
Konoplyanik, Andrey. 2009. “A Common Russia–EU Energy Space: The New EU–Russia Partnership Agreement.” Acquis Communautaire and the Energy Charter, Journal of Energy & Natural 262 Resources Law Vol 27 No 2.
Kulagin, Vyacheslav. 2008. “Energy Efficiency and Development of Renewables: Russia’s Approach.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 46, pp. 1-21.
Lavenex, Sandra. 2004. “EU external governance in 'wider Europe',” Journal of European Public Policy, Volume 11, Issue 4.
Milov, V. 2006. “The use of energy as a political tool.” EU–Russia Review, No. 1, Brussels: EU–Russia Centre.
───.2006. “The Power of Oil and Energy Insecurity.” Policy Paper. Moscow: Institute of Energy Policy.
Missiroli, Antonio . 2003. “EU Enlargement and CFSP/ESDP.” Journal of European Integration. Volume 25, Issue 1.
───. 2003. “The European Union: Just a Regional Peacekeeper?” European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 8, pp. 493-503.
Mitrova, Tatiana. 2008. “Gazprom’s Perspective on International Markets.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 41, pp. 1-17.
Monaghan, Andrew and Jankovski Lucia Montanaro. 2006. “EU-Russia energy relations: the need for active engagement.” EPC Issue Paper No.45.
Padgett, Stephen. 2011. “Energy Co-operation in the Wider Europe: Institutionalizing Interdependence.” JCMS, Volume 49. Number 5. pp. 1065–1087.
Proedrou Filippos. 2007. “The EU-Russia Energy Approach under the Prism of Interdependence,” European Security, 16: 3-4, pp. 329-355.
Quast, Oliver, Locatelli, Catherine.1997. “Russian natural gas policy and its possible effects on European gas markets.” Energy Policy, Vol. 25, Issue 2, pp. 125-133.
Simmons, Daniel and Murray Isabel. 2007. “Russian Gas: Will There Be Enough Investment?” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 27, pp. 1-20.
Simon, Duke. 2001. “CESDP: Nice’s Overtrumped Success?” European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 6, pp. 155-175.
───. 2004. “The European Security Strategy in a Comparative Framework: Does it Make for Secure Alliances in a Better World?” European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 9, pp. 459-481.
Soroka, George. “Russian Foreign Policy in the 21st Century.” Europe-Asia Studies, 64:6, 1153-1155.
Spanjer, A.R. 2007, “Russian gas price reform and the EU-Russia gas relationship: Incentives, consequences and European security of supply”, Energy Policy, 35(5), May, pp. 2889-2898.
Spanjer, Aldo. 2007. “Russian gas price reform and the EU–Russia gas relationship: Incentives, consequences and European security of supply.” Energy Policy, Vol. 35 Issue 5, pp. 2889-2898.
Sven, Biscop. 2002. “In Search of a Strategic Concept for the ESDP,” European Foreign Affairs Review, No. 7, pp. 473-490.
Tsygankov, Andrei P. 2007. “Finding a Civilisational Idea: “West,” Eurasia,” and “Euro-East” in Russia’s Foreign Policy.” Geopolitics, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p375-399.
───. 2012. “Russia and Global Governance in the Post-Western World.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 114, pp. 1-12.
Umbach, Frank. 2010. “Global energy security and the implications for the EU.” Energy Policy, Volume 38, Issue 3, pp. 1229–1240.
Webber, Mark, Terriff Terry, Howorth Jolyon and Croft Stuart. 2002. “The Common European Security and Defence Policy and the ‘Third-Country’ Issue.” European Security, No. 11, pp. 75-100.
Yergin, Daniel. 2006. “Ensuring Energy Security” Foreign Affairs. March/April. 85(2) 70-71, 76-77.
Zagorski, Andrei. 2002. “EU Policies Towards Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus.” Occasional Paper Series, No. 35.
───. 2007. “Moscow Seeks to Renegotiate Relations with the West.” Russian Analytical Digest, No. 26, pp. 1-18.
Zurich, Jeronim Perovic, and Washington, Robert Orttung. 2007. “Russia’s Energy Policy: Should Europe Worry?” Russian Analytical digest,Vol. 18, pp. 1-17.
Zyeno, Baran . 2007. “EU Energy Security: Time to End Russian Leverage.” Russian Analytical Digest, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p131-144.

三、官方文件

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四、網路資料

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