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博碩士論文 etd-0012116-092602 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0012116-092602
論文名稱
Title
南韓外交政策的轉變:從傳統安保外交到中等國家外交(1948年-2014年)
The Change of South Korea Foreign Policy: From Traditional Security Diplomacy to Middle Power Diplomacy (1948-2014)
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
137
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2015-12-24
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2016-01-12
關鍵字
Keywords
南韓、中等國家、傳統安保外交、利基外交、非傳統安全
Traditional Security Diplomacy, South Korea, Niche Diplomacy, Non-traditional Security, Middle Power
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5852 次,被下載 58
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5852 times, has been downloaded 58 times.
中文摘要
自1948年南韓建國後,就將傳統安保外交列為國家的重點之重。但隨著時代背景與國際議程的改變,以及南韓的國家實力逐漸至90年代初期增長到中等國家的實力水準之後,南韓也從冷戰時期的傳統安全領域的安保外交轉移至21世紀的非傳統領域的中等國家外交。本文梳理了1948年至2014年將近六十多年南韓外交的發展歷程,研究主旨在於透過中等國家概念中的國家行為途徑與國家實力途徑分析南韓如何在冷戰時期從傳統的安保外交逐漸在21世紀初期轉變成非傳統的中等國家外交。首先分析南韓在冷戰時期為何極力於發展安保外交;其次分析南韓在後冷戰時期雖達到了中等國家實力水準後,但是為何其外交重心仍然停留於國家安全領域中;最後則是分析在21世紀初期開始,南韓如何逐漸地從外在行為展現出中等國家的特質。

在本文的分析研究後有下列發現:首先,南韓注重國家安全的原因在於兩大結構性因素:一、地理位置因素,南韓坐落於朝鮮半島具有相當戰略性的位置,造成其自古以來就飽受周遭的國家侵略。二、國家分裂因素,二戰後朝鮮半島遭美蘇分裂,南、北韓自此進行外交競爭。這些因素導致南韓建國後必須發展傳統安保外交。其次、在後冷戰時期,南韓雖然達到中等國家實力水準,並也開始發展新外交政策迎接全球化,但卻因北韓挑起了第一次核武危機,導致其必須先處理朝鮮半島的不穩定局勢,使得南韓雖有實力仍無法發展中等國家外交。第三,1990年代末期開始,在金大中的陽光政策、盧武鉉的東北亞均衡者論與和平繁榮政策、李明博的全球韓國願景與中等國家戰略,以及現今朴槿惠政府的執政下,南韓的外交政策逐漸改變為中等國家外交,關注的領域也從東北亞地區轉移至全球。67年的外交發展歷程,南韓透過中等國家外交成功地在國際上取得越來越多的影響力,並且充分展現其野心。
Abstract
Since South Korea was established in 1948, the traditional security diplomacy becomes the core foreign policy. When time flies and the international agenda has changed, South Korea’s power reached to middle powers level in early1990’s. South Korea’s foreign policy had changed to middle power diplomacy in 21 century. The purpose of this thesis is to review South Korea’s 67 years foreign affairs development process from 1948 to 2014, and then analyze how South Korea changed its foreign policy from the traditional security diplomacy during the cold war and post-Cold War to middle power diplomacy in 21 century by the capability approach and behavior approach of middle power concept. Firstly, analyzing why South Korea was committed to develop the traditional security during the cold war. Secondly, analyzing why South Korea still focused on the national security after its power reached to middle power level during the post-cold war. Lastly, analyzing how South Korea gradually showed the behavioral traits of middle power from 21 century.

The findings below from research studies are summarized. Firstly, South Korea cares national security because of its geographical location and division of the country. South Korea is located in the Korean Peninsula, the strategic location, so many countries always invaded since the ancient times. And after World War II, the Korean Peninsula was the split by Soviet Union and America, then South Korea and North Korea started their diplomatic competition. Because of the two factors, South Korea have to develop traditional security diplomacy. Secondly, although South Korea’s power reached middle power’s level and started to develop new diplomacy to catch up with globalization, it still couldn’t develop middle power diplomacy. Because the first nuclear crisis was caused by North Korea in 1993, South Korea had to deal with it. Lastly, from the Kim Dae-jung's “Sunshine Policy”, Roh Moo-hyun’s “Northeast Asia Balancer” and “Peace and Prosperity Policy”, Lee Myung-bak’s “Global Korea vision” and “Middle Power Strategy”, and Park Geun-hye government, South Korea’s foreign diplomacy gradually becomes middle power diplomacy. Though middle power diplomacy, South Korea successfully gets more influence than ever.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章、緒論 1
第一節、研究動機與目的 1
第二節、文獻回顧 6
第三節、研究途徑與研究方法 15
第四節、研究範圍與研究限制 18
第五節、章節安排 19
第二章、中等國家概念之探討 21
第一節、中等國家的定義 21
第二節、中等國家研究的發展背景 29
第三節、中等國家概念的研究現狀 32
第四節、以中等國家概念分析南韓 37
第三章、傳統安全外交及其轉變(1948年-1998年) 41
第一節、影響南韓安保外交的結構性因素:地理位置與分裂國家 41
第二節、冷戰時期的傳統安保外交(1948年-1988年) 46
第三節、後冷戰時期的外交過渡期(1988年-1998年) 58
第四節、小結 70
第四章、邁向中等國家外交(1998年-至今) 73
第一節、轉變分水嶺:金大中政府的陽光政策 73
第二節、改變過渡期:盧武鉉政府的和平繁榮政策與東北亞均衡者論 80
第三節、正式建立期:李明博政府的全球韓國願景與中等國家戰略 84
第四節、延續發展期:朴槿惠政府 100
第五節、小結 104
第五章、結論 105
參考文獻 112
參考文獻 References
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(一)、 書籍
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(二)、 期刊
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洪川詠,2001,〈金大中的「陽光政策」已深陷迷霧中〉,世界news:
http://www2.inmjh.kh.edu.tw/th187/n90091.htm,檢索日期:2015年9月1日。
財團法人中華經濟研究院台灣東南亞國家協會研究中心,〈東協發展簡介〉,財
團法人中華經濟研究院台灣東南亞國家協會研究中心: http://www.aseancenter.org.tw/ASEANintro.aspx,檢索日期:2015年08月12日。
許振、李泰庚,2014,〈父親搞經濟 女兒搞統一 連接半個世紀的“德國緣
分”〉,韓國中央日報中文網新聞中心:http://chinese.joins.com/big5/article.do?method=detail&art_id=117131,檢索日期:2015年08月10日。
陸以正,2012,〈東協還存在嗎?〉,財團法人國家政策研究基金會:
http://www.npf.org.tw/printfriendly/11681,檢索日期:2015年11月25日。
朝鮮日報,2013,〈朴槿惠訪美 入住48年前父親下榻處〉,SINA全球新聞網:
http://dailynews.sina.com/bg/news/int/chosun/20130506/19444518123.html,檢索日期:2015年11月25日。
黃肇輝、蕭立妤,2007,〈【全球化與國際化關係課程補充資料】韓戰始末〉,
國立臺南藝術大學黃肇輝老師課程網站,http://203.71.53.60/xms/content/show.php?id=504,檢索日期:2015年11月23日。
楊明,2003,〈韓戰的起因和美國介入的背景〉,大紀元新聞網,
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/3/7/28/n349922.htm,檢索日期:2015年11月23日。
葉淑蘭,2011,〈現代中國+全球化,軟硬兼備,離大國不遠矣〉,香港文匯
報:http://pdf.wenweipo.com/2011/04/20/a26-0420.pdf,檢索日期:2015年11月19日。
董樂,2014,〈問與答:APEC是什麼?〉,英國廣播公司中文網:
http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/china/2014/11/141104_apec_q_a,檢索日期:2015年08月12日。
駐台北韓國代表部,2011,〈首爾G20峰會〉,駐台北韓國代表部:
http://taiwan.mofat.go.kr/webmodule/htsboard/template/read/legengreadboard.js p?typeID=16&boardid=13207&seqno=668116&c=&t=&pagenum=1&table Name=TYPE_ENGLEGATIO&pc=&dc=&wc=&lu=&vu=&iu=&du,檢索日期:2015年10月8日。
聯合國安全理事會,〈擔任過安全理事會成員國的國家〉,聯合國安全理事會:
http://www.un.org/zh/sc/members/elected.shtml,檢索日期:2015年8月15日。
巍子,〈北風和太陽的力量〉,大紀元文化網:
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/1/8/26/c4043.htm,檢索日期:2015年9月1日。
顧曉華,2014,〈【歷史今日】韓戰真相全程大起底〉,大紀元新聞網,
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/14/6/23/n4184070.htm,檢索日期:2015年11月23日。

(二)、 英文網路資源
"The World and Japan" Database Project, Database of Japanese Politics and International Relations, Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo. 1965. “Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea.” June 22. http://www.ioc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~worldjpn/documents/texts/docs/19650622.T1E.html (November 25, 2015).
Braddick, C.W. 2010. “ASPAC: A Study in Failure?” October 29.
http://www.wreac.org/events/east-asian/past/aspac-a-study-in-failure (November 25, 2015).
Feffer, John. 2008. “South Korea: Still Dreaming of Regionalism.” October 3. 
http://fpif.org/south_korea_still_dreaming_of_regionalism/ (September 8, 2015).
Global Environment Facility. “What is the GEF.” https://www.thegef.org/gef/whatisgef (August 13, 2015).
Global Green Growth Institute. “Green Growth Planning & Implementation
Overview” (October 20, 2015).
GlobalSecurity.org. “Overview-South Korea Military Guide.”
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/rok/intro.htm (November 25, 2015).
Goldman, Geoff. 1990. “S. Korean leader sweeps through Stanford.” July 3.
http://stanforddailyarchive.com/cgi-bin/stanford?a=d&d=stanford19910703-1.1.7&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN------- (August 10, 2015).
Japanese Imperialism: Then and Now. “Treaty on Basic Relations 1965.”
http://deniseworldpolitics.weebly.com/treaty-on-basic-relations-1965.html (November 25, 2015).
Jung, Sung-ki. 2010. “Korea launches standby PKO unit.” July 1.  
http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2010/11/205_68669.html (October 1, 2015).
Kim, Dae-jung. 1998. “Inaugural Address by Kim Dae-Jung the 15th-Term President
of the Republic Of Korea.” February 25. http://eng.unikorea.go.kr/content.do?cmsid=1837&mode=view&page=15&cid=31906 (September 1, 2015).
Kim, Dae-jung. 2000. “Address by President Kim Dae-Jung of the Republic of Korea at the Free University of Berlin.” March 09. http://eng.unikorea.go.kr/content.do?cmsid=1837&mode=view&page=15&cid=31907 (September 1, 2015).
Kim, Dae-jung. 2000. “Peace on the Korean Peninsula and Sweden - An Address to
the Parliament of the Kingdom Of Sweden.” December 13. http://eng.unikorea.go.kr/content.do?cmsid=1837&mode=view&page=15&cid=31910 (September 1, 2015).
Kim, Sung-han. 2013. “Global Governance and Middle Powers: South Korea’s Role
in the G20.” February. http://www.cfr.org/south-korea/global-governance-middle-powers-south-koreas-role-g20/p30062 (September 25, 2015).
Laub, Zachary. and James McBride. 2015. “The Group of Seven (G7).” June 2. 
http://www.cfr.org/international-organizations-and-alliances/group-seven- g7/p32957 (September 28, 2015).
Lee, Myung-bak. 2008. “A great people with new dreams.” August 15.
http://www.korea.net/Government/Briefing-Room/Presidential-Speeches/view?articleId=91000&pageIndex=17 (October 12, 2105).
Lee, Myung-bak. 2010. “Radio and Internet address to the nation by President.”
March 8. http://www.korea.net/Government/Briefing-Room/Presidential-Speeches/view?articleId=91047&pageIndex=13 (September 25, 2015).
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Niche Diplomacy by Middle-Power Korea.” September 23. http://blogs.cfr.org/asia/2015/09/23/the-un-sustainable-development-goals-an-opportunity-for-niche-diplomacy-by-middle-power-korea/ (September 27, 2015).
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Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953.” October 1. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/kor001.asp (November 23, 2015).
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Yun, Byung-se. 2013. “Remarks at the 10th Annual Iftar Dinner.” August 2.
http://www.mofa.go.kr/webmodule/htsboard/template/read/engreadboard.jsp?typeID=12&boardid=14137&seqno=312638 (October 19, 2015).


七、 研討會文章
李政鴻,2005,〈亞歐會議發展及內涵〉,2005年台灣的東南亞區域研究年度論
文研討會,04月29日,南投:暨南大學。
張五岳,1999,〈分裂國家模式之探討〉,第三屆世界新格局與兩岸關係學術研
討會,10月5日,上海。


八、 政府文件
(一)、 中文
大韓民國統一部,2003,《盧武鉉政府的和平繁榮政策》,漢城:大韓民國統一
  部。
行政院研究發展考核委員會,2008,《聯邦國及邦聯國成員建立國際人格之研
究》,台北市:中華民國政府。
國立教育資料館,2006,《參與OECD教育指標概覽發展之研究》,台北:中華
民國政府。

(二)、 英文
U.S. Government Printing Office. 1982. South Korea, a country study.
Cheong Wa Dae. 2009. Global Korea: The National Security Strategy of the Republic
of Korea.
Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of Korea. 2009. 2009 Diplomatic
White Paper.
---------------------------------------------------------------------. 2010. 2010 Diplomatic
White Paper.
---------------------------------------------------------------------. 2011. 2011 Diplomatic
White Paper.
--------------------------------------------------------------------. 2012. 2012 Diplomatic
White Paper.
--------------------------------------------------------------------. 2013. 2013 Diplomatic
White Paper.
--------------------------------------------------------------------. 2014. 2014 Diplomatic
White Paper.
Minister of National Defense, Republic of Korea. 2010. 2010 Defense White Paper.
-----------------------------------------------------------. 2012. 2012 Defense White Paper.
Official Development Assistance, Republic of Korea. 2014. 2014 Korea’s Official
Development Assistance White Paper: Opening a New Era of Happiness for All
Humanity.

(三)、 韓文
대한민국 외무성,1994,《1994년 외교백서》。
외교통상부,2009,《한국외교 60년(1948-2008)》。

九、 國科會專題計畫資料
鄧中堅、蔡東杰,2002,《中等權力國家在全球結構中的外交政策:比較巴西與
墨西哥的例子》,NSC89-2414-H-004-056,台北:行政院國家科學委員會專
題究計畫成果報告。
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