乳癌是全世界女性最頻繁的癌症，而台灣乳癌為女性癌症發生率之冠，其實透過定期的篩檢行為能夠早期發現早期治療。全世界皆提倡乳癌篩檢活動，在台灣提供45-69歲的女性免費執行乳房攝影檢查，除此之外，衛生福利部亦提供獎勵款項予以補助醫療院所提供病人與家屬整合性癌症資源服務。近年乳癌篩檢率已提升至36%，但仍不及國際各國將近60-80%之篩檢率，因此本研究欲利用知識、態度及行為之模式，探討45-69歲女性對乳癌防治的想法。
本研究採橫斷式研究，參考國內外文獻與國際頒布預防資料並自擬結構性問卷，採立意取樣方式。研究期間為2014年06月至2014年8月；共計三個月。發放數量297份，實際回收290份，回收率為97.64%。本研究工具是採用IBM SPSS Statistics進行分析，運用描述型統計、T檢定/ANOVA(單因子變異數分析)、雙變項皮爾森積差相關、多變項線性迴歸等進行分析。
本研究結果發現45-69歲女性於知識題項流行病學構面答對率最低，態度與行為題項之主動防治與宣導平均分數最低。接受過乳癌篩檢的女性在對癌防治知識、態度、行為與再執行篩檢率皆高於未接受過乳癌篩檢的女性。教育程度為國中以下與個人月收入為無收入之女性，乳癌防治態度較差。教育程度為國中之女性，其乳癌防治行為執行度較高。女性防治知識與態度呈正向影響；態度與行為呈正向影響，而知識與行為呈負向影響，其研究發現教育程度為大學以上女性知識答對率為90.26%，但執行防治行為率為78.68%。
依據研究結果，本研究建議如下：1.持續加強宣導免費篩檢資訊及宣導內容增加流行病學資料，2.加強高學歷女性定期篩檢。希望藉由本研究可提供衛政單位用以推動乳癌防治之參考依據，可有效提高乳癌篩檢篩檢率，以期降低乳癌發生率與死亡率。

Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, it also has the highest incidence amount female cancers in Taiwan. In fact, the breast cancer can be early detected and early treatment through regular screening program. Breast cancer screening has promoted in all around the world, and therefore Taiwan government also provides 45-69 year old female free to accept a mammography. In addition, the Ministry of health and welfare also provide incentive payments to subsidize medical institutions offer patients and their families integrated cancer resources and services. In recent years, although breast cancer screening rate has been increased to 36%, it still far from other countries around the world whose screening rate were nearly 60-80%. Therefore, this study intended to use the mode of knowledge, attitudes and behavior, to explore the idea of 45-69 year-old women on breast cancer prevention.
This research was conducted by cross-sectional study, and makes reference to domestic and international literatures and the prevention information issued by the international community. During the period from June to August 2014, a structure questionnaire was designed with intended sampling. Total number issued was 297, the actual recovery was 290, and the recovery rate is 97.64%. This research was analysis by IBM SPSS Statistics for descriptive Statistics, T-test/ANOVA(one-way analysis of variance) and double variable Pearson`s Correlation Coefficient and Multiple lineal regression etc.
The results of this study shows that the 45-69 year-old women have the lowest accuracy rate on the part of epidemiological of knowledge questions, and also have the lowest accuracy rate on active prevention and advocacy of attitudes and behavior questions. Those women who had ever received breast cancer screening has higher score in cancer prevention knowledge, attitudes, behavior and re-implement screening rate than those who had never get breast cancer screening. The women whose level of education are junior or below and those have no personal monthly income get lower score at level of attitudes. The women whose level of education is junior have higher score at level of behavior. It means that prevention knowledge has positive effect on attitudes；Attitudes have positive effect on behavior, but knowledge has negative effect on behavior. The study shows those level of education is university or higher, there accuracy rate of knowledge is 90.26%, but the implement rate of behavior is 78.68 %.
Based on findings of this study, the proposals are as follows: 1.Continue to strengthen promotion free screenings Information and to add epidemiological information on promotion programs; 2.To strengthen regular screening on highly educated women. Hoping health units could take this study as a reference that give an impetus to breast cancer prevention, increase the breast cancer screening rate effectively, thus to decrease breast cancer incidence and mortality.

論文審定書-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------i
誌 謝--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ii
中文摘要-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
英文摘要-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------iv
目 錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi
圖 次------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------viii
表 次------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------viii
第一章 緒論-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------01
第一節 研究背景及動機-------------------------------------------------------------------01
第二節 研究目的----------------------------------------------------------------------------04
第二章 文獻查證-------------------------------------------------------------------------------05
第一節 乳癌與危險因子-------------------------------------------------------------------05
第二節 乳癌篩檢與乳房攝影檢查-------------------------------------------------------07
第三節 乳癌防治知識、態度、行為之相關研究-------------------------------------08
第三章 研究方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
第一節 研究架構----------------------------------------------------------------------------13
第二節 研究假設----------------------------------------------------------------------------14
第三節 研究對象、研究工具與資料收集----------------------------------------------15
第四節 問卷設計----------------------------------------------------------------------------16
第五節 信效度分析-------------------------------------------------------------------------21
第六節 資料處理與統計分析-------------------------------------------------------------24
第四章 研究分析與結果----------------------------------------------------------------------25
第一節 描述型統計分析-------------------------------------------------------------------25
第二節 T檢定/ANOVA〈單因子變異數分析〉統計分析--------------------------38
第三節 雙變項皮爾森積差相關分析----------------------------------------------------44
第四節 多變項線性迴歸分析-------------------------------------------------------------47
第五節 研究假設驗證結果----------------------------------------------------------------52

第五章 討論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------54
第一節 探討45-69歲女性之人口學特性----------------------------------------------54
第二節 探討45-69歲女性對乳癌防治知識之差異----------------------------------55
第三節 探討45-69歲女性對乳癌防治態度之差異----------------------------------56
第四節 探討45-69歲女性對乳癌防治執行行為之差異----------------------------56
第五節 探討乳癌防治之知識、態度、行為三者之差異----------------------------58
第六章 結論與建議----------------------------------------------------------------------------60
第一節 結論----------------------------------------------------------------------------------60
第二節 建議----------------------------------------------------------------------------------61
第三節 研究貢獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------62
第四節 研究限制----------------------------------------------------------------------------63
參考文獻-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------64
一、英文文獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------------64
二、中文文獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------------70
附錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------74
一、問卷----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------74
二、專家列表----------------------------------------------------------------------------------77
三、專家效度量表及建議內容-------------------------------------------------------------78

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