本研究探討南臺灣恆春半島墾丁的珊瑚群聚結構變化及其受海洋熱浪(marine heatwaves, MHW)與梭岩螺屬(Drupella spp.)食珊瑚螺之影響情形。比較不同時間(2016、2017年)和測站(後壁湖、出水口、合界)的珊瑚群聚結構，各測站的珊瑚群聚結構有顯著差異，2016年7月及2017年9月均有珊瑚白化事件發生，出水口的珊瑚群聚變動明顯，表孔珊瑚白化比例從2016年的58.6%降至2017年11.5%。千孔珊瑚的白化率則是從80.6%降至0%，顯示千孔珊瑚有較強的耐受力。食珊瑚螺調查在後壁湖、出水口、合界進行，共記錄332隻食珊瑚螺，包含白結螺(n=326)與小白結螺(n=6)二種，其體長範圍分別為13.6-40.1mm和8.0-17.8mm。各測站所有食珊瑚螺物種的密度介於0.07-2.07 ind/m2。在1424個珊瑚群體中有8%觀察到食珊瑚螺棲息於其上，螺的群體數與珊瑚屬的豐度有正相關，如表孔珊瑚和鹿角珊瑚豐度高棲息的螺群數也高。本研究顯示白結螺密度較2013年高(0.04 -1.51 vs. 0 - 0.37 ind/m2)，建議未來進行大範圍的監測調查，瞭解這些掠食性珊瑚螺的族群動態，以為管理單位政策制定之依據。

This study investigates the effects of marine heatwaves and corallivorous snails (Drupella) on coral communities in Kenting, southern Taiwan. A Comparison of the community structure of corals in the years 2016 and 2017 at the sites of Hejie (HJ), Houbihu (HB), and Outlet (OL) revealssignificant differences in the coral community structure among the sites. Coral bleaching was observed in July 2016 and September 2017. The coral community structure at OL showed marked variation, with the proportion of bleaching Montipora corals dropped from 58.6% in 2016 to 11.5% in 2017. The bleaching rate of Millepora corals dropped from 80.6% to 0%, indicating that Millepora corals have strong tolerance. Drupella snails at sites of HJ, HB, and OL were investigated. A total of 332 Drupella snails were recorded, including Drupella cornus (n = 326) and D. fragum (n = 6) exhibited shell lengths of 13.6 - 40.1 mm and 8.0 - 17.8 mm, respectively.The density of Drupella snails among sites ranged from 0.07 to 2.07 individuals/m2. Furthermore, among the 1424 hard coral colonies, 8% contained Drupella snails. More snail patches were found in areas with greater frequencies of Montipora and Pocillopora colonies. Moreover, the current density is five times higher than in 2013 (i.e., 0 - 0.37 ind/m²). Considering this increase and the existence of two Drupella species, we recommend broadening the survey areas to better understand the population dynamics of these corallivorous snails for local coral reef governance.

目 錄
論文審定書 i
誌 謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
第 一 章 緒論 1
第一節 前言 1
第二節 研究內容 3
第 二 章 恆春半島1972-2009年間珊瑚礁底棲群聚變動 4
第一節 前言 4
第二節 墾丁珊瑚群聚監測1972-2009年間之歷史回顧 4
第三節 環境干擾對墾丁地區1972-2009年間的珊瑚群聚影響紀錄 8
第四節 討論 13
第 三 章 恆春半島2012-2019年間珊瑚礁底棲群聚調查 14
第一節 研究背景及目的 14
第二節 材料與方法 14
第三節 結果 18
第四節 討論 26
第 四 章 珊瑚白化事件對珊瑚群聚的影響 28
第一節 研究背景及目的 28
第二節 材料與方法 29
第三節 結果 31
第四節 討論 41
第 五 章 墾丁食珊瑚螺的分佈調查 43
第一節 研究背景及目的 43
第二節 材料與方法 45
第三節 結果 46
第四節 討論 53
第 六 章 結論 55
參考文獻 56

 
圖 次
圖3-1 本研究採樣地點 15
圖3-2 各測站2012-2019年歷次調查珊瑚覆蓋率趨勢圖與主要干擾事件時序圖 20
圖3-3 各測站珊瑚礁底棲群聚大類2012-2019年平均覆蓋率 21
圖3-4 各測站珊瑚覆蓋率季節變動盒鬚圖 22
圖3-5 各測站2012-2019年珊瑚多樣性指數變動趨勢 25
圖4-1樣點溫度擷取位置 30
圖4- 2 2016年珊瑚白化前後監測照片 32
圖4-3 2017年各個測站珊瑚白化情形監測照片 33
圖4-4 2016年6-9月測站現地溫度資料盒鬚圖與衛星SST資料 34
圖4- 5 2017年6-9月測站現地溫度資料盒鬚圖與衛星SST資料 34
圖4-6 2016-2017期間各測站覆蓋率與白化比例 35
圖4-7 2016年白化事件與莫蘭蒂颱風前後各站石珊瑚組成差異 37
圖4-8 2016與2017年各測站石珊瑚覆蓋率與白化比例 37
圖4-9 2016-17 白化事件前後軟珊瑚覆蓋率與白化比例 39
圖4-10 2016-17 白化事件後壁湖軟珊瑚覆蓋率趨勢與迴歸分析 40
圖4-11 2016-17 白化事件前後各測站珊瑚群聚聚類分析 40
圖4-12 2016-17 白化事件前後後壁湖站珊瑚群聚PCA分析 41
圖5-1 研究調查測站圖 45
圖5-2 各測站珊瑚礁底棲生物組成大類 47
圖5-3 本研究調查之食珊瑚螺照片 50
圖5-4 食珊瑚螺在各個測站的體長頻度分布圖(n:食珊瑚螺樣本數) 51
圖5-5 調查樣區珊瑚株上食珊瑚螺的群體數量 52
圖5-6 各調查樣區珊瑚株群體數(分子:被棲息株數，分母:該珊瑚屬總株數) 52


表 次
表2- 1南灣與西岸地區1972-2009年間珊瑚覆蓋率調查記錄 6
表3-1 各測站2012年與2017(或2019)年各測站前十大優勢珊瑚屬相對覆蓋率 24
表5-1 各調查測站的珊瑚礁底棲生物組成大類 48
表5-2 各測站食珊瑚螺之密度與平均體長 49

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