蜑螺卵鞘及胚胎發育作為海水酸化生物指標之可行性探討
國立中山大學海洋科學系研究所碩士論文摘要

指導老師：劉莉蓮　教授
研究生：張晨浩

海水酸化對於海洋生物最常被提及的影響就是鈣化作用，蜑螺為本省潮間帶常見的螺類，本研究探討蜑螺的卵鞘及胚胎發育作為酸化環境監測指標之可行性。實驗分三部份進行：一、比較不同pH值(pH6.0及8.0)對漁舟蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度的影響，二、比較不同地點之漁舟蜑螺及粗紋蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度和胚胎發育的差異，三、比較不同地點交叉放養之漁舟蜑螺及粗紋蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度和胚胎發育的差異。漁舟蜑螺卵鞘在酸化人工海水中卵鞘表面之碳酸鈣結構有腐蝕現象，本研究依腐蝕情況將蜑螺卵鞘破裂程度分成三級；比較七股、台西、麥寮樣點之卵鞘表面破裂程度，結果發現麥寮樣點的漁舟蜑螺卵鞘有侵蝕較為嚴重的現象；以胚胎發育階段進行比對後顯示，與七股胚胎發育同時期之卵鞘相比，台西、麥寮的漁舟蜑螺卵鞘破裂程度高於七股。交叉放養實驗部分因未能收集到含有胚胎的完整樣本，故無具體結果。整體而言，漁舟蜑螺卵鞘在pH值6.0的酸化海水下卵鞘破裂程度隨時間增加而提高，同胚胎發育時期之蜑螺卵鞘破裂程度有七股低於台西、麥寮的現象，未來若能搭配胚胎活動能力進行實驗，蜑螺仍是有作為海水酸化生物指標的潛力。

Evaluation the use of neritid egg capsules and embryonic development to seawater acidification biomarker

Chen-Hao Chang
Advisor：Dr. Li-Lian Liu
Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University,
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.

The effects of seawater acidification on marine organisms’ calcification are an important issue recently. In this study, the intertidal Nerita snails are selected to evaluate the potential of using egg capsules and embryonic development as a seawater acidification biomarker. The experiment is divided into three parts. Firstly, the comparison of different pH values (pH 6.0 and 8.0) on the surface erosion of Nerita albicilla egg capsules. Secondly, the comparison of the erosion degree of egg capsules and the embryonic development on N. albicilla and Nerita undata among different locations. Thirdly, the comparison of the erosion degree of egg capsules and the embryonic development on N. albicilla and N. undata by transplant experiments. The CaCO3 structure on the surface of N. albicilla egg capsules in acidic seawater was eroded. Based on the degree of capsule erosion, it was divided into three levels. The erosion degree of capsules was higher in Mailiao than those from Qigu and Taixi. When comparing the embryonic development and erosion at the same time, the erosion degree of capsules from Taixi and Mailiao was relatively higher than the ones from Qigu. The transplant experiments were unsuccessful due to no living embryos was found. In summary, the degree of capsule erosion increased with time in acidic seawater and a lower erosion degree of capsules from Qigu than those from Taixi and Mailiao when embryonic development was also considered. In the future, if larval activity can be examined at the same time, Nerita snails still have the potential to be a biomarker for the study of seawater acidification.

目錄
論文審定書　............................................................................................................ ⅰ
誌謝　........................................................................................................................ ⅱ
中文摘要 .................................................................................................................. ⅲ
英文摘要 .................................................................................................................. ⅳ
目錄 .......................................................................................................................... ⅴ
表目錄 ...................................................................................................................... ⅵ
圖目錄 ..................................................................................................................... ⅶ
一、前言 ................................................................................................................... 1
1. 海水酸化 ........................................................................................................... 1
2. 台灣環境 ........................................................................................................... 2
3.生物指標 ............................................................................................................. 3
4. 實驗目標 ........................................................................................................... 4
二、材料與方法 ....................................................................................................... 5
1. 採集地點與樣本保存 ....................................................................................... 5
2. 掃描式電子顯微鏡樣本製備 ........................................................................... 5
3. 研究實驗............................................................................................................. 5
4. 統計分析 ........................................................................................................... 7
三、結果 ................................................................................................................... 9
1. 蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度及發育胚胎分級描述 ............................................... 9
2. 比較不同pH值(pH6.0及8.0)對漁舟蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度的影響.............. 9
3. 比較不同地點之漁舟蜑螺及粗紋蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度和胚胎發育的差異.............................................................................................................................. 11
4. 比較不同地點交叉放養之漁舟蜑螺及粗紋蜑螺卵鞘表面破裂程度和胚胎發育的差異 .................................................................................................................... 13
四、討論 .................................................................................................................... 15
五、參考文獻 ............................................................................................................ 19

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