隨著臺灣近年來所得分配情況的惡化，與收入不均間接相關的問題也逐漸開始被討論，而國民健康作為社會中重要的衡量指標，已有許多研究證實健康不平等的原因與所得分配息息相關。為了臺灣的健康發展，政府開始推動許多政策，目的是期望能消除由所得所造成的健康不平等，並在經濟發展的同時，也能保障弱勢群體其健康水準。
本研究參照Yitzhaki(1979)所提出的相對剝奪感程度，並採用國民健康署進行的國民健康訪問調查結果，來探討2005年及2009年台灣的相對剝奪程度對個人健康狀態的影響及相互關係。並將影響個人健康狀態的因素細分為教育程度、年齡、負面健康行為等，進行更深入的探討。
實證結果顯示，臺灣整體人口的健康狀況有顯著進步，與相對收入及絕對收入皆存在正向的顯著關係，能發現到擁有較高社會優勢的人，可能在人生歷程中較為健康，也比那些相對較弱勢的人有更長的壽命；教育程度與健康狀態有顯著的正向關係，特別是中學學歷以下者，相較學歷程度較高者，患有長期慢性疾病的比例高出許多；相對剝奪感程度對於健康則隨時間有日益加重的負面影響。

With the deterioration of the distribution of income in Taiwan in recent years, problems related to income inequality are gradually being discussed. National health, as an important measure in society, has been studied to confirm that the causes of health inequalities are closely related to the distribution of income. For the healthy development of Taiwan, the government has begun to promote many policies with the aim of eliminating the health inequalities caused by income and ensuring the health of vulnerable groups while maintaining economic development.
This study refers to the degree of relative deprivation proposed by Yitzhaki (1979) and uses the National Health Service survey conducted by the National Health Service to investigate the impact and relative relationship of relative deprivation in Taiwan from 2005 and 2009 on personal health status. The factors affecting the individual's health status are subdivided into education level, age, negative health behaviors, etc., for further discussion.
The empirical results show that the overall health of Taiwan's population has made significant progress, and there is a positive relationship with relative income and absolute income. It can be found that people with higher social advantages may be healthier in life and better than those. Relatively weaker people have a longer life span; education has a significant positive relationship with health status, especially those with lower secondary education, and the proportion of long-term chronic diseases is much higher than those with higher academic qualifications; The degree of deprivation has a growing negative impact on health over time.

論文審定書 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖次 vi
表次 vii
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與目的 1
第二節 研究架構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
第一節 所得分配不均之研究 6
第二節 收入與健康關係之研究 7
第三節 國內外相關實證研究 10
第三章 研究方法 12
第一節 研究資料來源 12
第二節 研究變數定義與測量 13
第三節 研究模型 18
第四章 研究結果 19
第一節 敘述性統計結果 19
第二節 各因素與健康關係之回歸分析 24
第五章 結論與建議 33
第一節 結論 33
第二節 建議 36
參考文獻 37
一、 中文部分 37
二、 英文部分 38

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