eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand)已經被3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)列入5G的重要應用之一，此應用需要大頻寬來確保影音串流(Video Streaming)的播放品質，但是無線存取網路(Radio Access Network, RAN)與軟體定義網路(Software Defined Network, SDN)都無法保障終點端到終點端(End-to-End)的影音串流傳送品質，因此本論文在RAN與SDN網路下提出並實作一個調整影音串流Data Rate的機制(Data-Rate Adjustment Scheme, DRAS)。首先，我們讓RAN的EPC (Evolved Packet Core)可以攔截UE (User Equipment)端向Streaming Server提出的Data Rate要求，並且設計一個控制封包讓EPC可以將Data Rate的要求轉傳給SDN Controller。此外當SDN網路的頻寬不夠傳送一條高品質影音串流時，我們讓SDN Controller可以限制其它背景資料流來保障這條高品質影音串流的傳送。另外，當超過一條高品質影音串流需要在RAN與SDN網路上同時被傳送時，我們設計一個控制封包讓SDN Controller可以將RAN與SDN網路所能承載的最大頻寬通知Streaming Server，Streaming Server可以依據此最大頻寬來調降這些高品質影音串流的Data Rates。最後我們在實作中設計兩種不同影音串流的傳送情境，我們分別量測有使用DRAS與沒有使用DRAS時傳輸率(Throughput)與封包遺失率(Packet Loss Rate)的差別，從實驗結果中，我們驗證了有使用DRAS時可以讓傳送一條或多條高品質影音串流的Throughput有效提升，並且封包遺失率可以大幅下降。

Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) has been listed as one of the important 5G applications by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This application requires a large bandwidth to ensure the playback quality of video streaming. However, neither Radio Access Network (RAN) nor Software Defined Network (SDN) can guarantee the transmission quality of end-to-end video streaming. Therefore, this paper proposes and implements a mechanism, referred to as data-rate adjustment scheme (DRAS), for adjusting the data rates of video streamings under a RAN and SDN network. First, we let the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) of the RAN intercept data rate request from a User Equipment (UE) to the streaming server, and then we design a control packet so that the EPC can forward the data rate request to the SDN controller. Secondly, when the bandwidth of the SDN network is not enough to transmit a high-quality video streaming, we let the SDN controller restrict other background traffic to ensure the transmission of this high-quality video streaming. Thirdly, when more than one high-quality video streaming needs to be transmitted on the RAN and SDN network at the same time, we design a second control packet so that the SDN controller can notify the streaming server the maximum bandwidth that the RAN and SDN network can carry. Thus, the data rates of these high-quality video streamings can be reduced correspondingly based on this maximum bandwidth. Finally, we design two different video transmission scenarios in the experiment. We measure the differences between the throughput and the packet loss rate when DRAS was used and not used. From the experimental results, we have verified that the throughput transmission of one or more high-quality video streamings can be significantly improved, and the packet loss rate can be greatly reduced.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 v
圖表目錄 viii
第一章　導論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究方法 2
1.3 章節介紹 3
第二章　RAN與SDN網路的影音串流 4
2.1 RAN與SDN 4
2.1.1 RAN 4
2.1.2 SDN 5
2.1.2.1 SDN的運作流程 6
2.1.2.2 SDN的頻寬限制 7
2.2 eMBB網路 9
2.3 RTSP協定與SDP協定 10
2.4 Data Rate的調整 11
2.5相關研究 13
2.5.1 使用SDN網路 13
2.5.1.1 保障影音串流 13
2.5.1.2 調整影音串流 14
2.5.2 不使用SDN網路 15
第三章　調整影音串流Data Rate的機制 17
3.1 DRAS的系統架構 17
3.2 兩種控制訊息 19
3.2.1 影音資訊訊息(MM) 19
3.2.2 調整訊息(AM) 20
3.3 DRAS系統的模組 21
3.3.1 封包攔截模組(PIM) 21
3.3.2 路徑建立模組(PEM) 22
3.3.3 頻寬調整模組(BAM) 23
3.4 調整高品質影音串流的Data Rate 25
第四章　實作與結果分析 26
4.1 實驗環境與設備規格 26
4.2 在RAN與SDN平台上的實作 29
4.2.1 封包攔截模組的虛擬碼 29
4.2.2 路徑建立模組的虛擬碼 32
4.2.3 頻寬調整模組的虛擬碼 35
4.3 在RAN與SDN平台上的實作 36
4.3.1實作參數的使用 36
4.3.2結果的分析 37
4.3.2.1 情境一 37
4.3.2.2 情境二 39
第五章　結論與未來工作 42
5.1 結論 42
5.2 遭遇的困難 43
5.3 未來工作 43
References 44
Acronyms 49
Index 50

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