不當督導在許多研究當中已針對此行為發展出許多前因及後果變相，但尚未對於被不當督導之員工的恢復需求，以及在下班後選擇從事哪些休閒活動。因此本研究探討被不當督導與恢復需求之關係，而在高度恢復需求的員工將會在下班後選擇哪種休閒活動來進行？另外探討是否有「恢復悖論」之存在？最後納入外向性、神經質人格特質及休閒時間自主權來干擾此段關係之強弱。本研究資料收集方式採用經驗抽樣法，共有206位企業在職員工的受測者，進行連續10個工作日填答上下班問卷，有效配對資料共獲得1717筆。經多層次路徑分析假設檢驗結果發現：（1）被不當督導之員工會產生高度恢復需求；（2）高度恢復需求將選擇從事低投入活動，而不去進行社交活動；（3）高外向性員工將選擇社交活動；（4）外向性、神經質及休閒時間自主權干擾後皆產生「恢復悖論」。

Nowadays, many research studies have been carried out on the causes and consequences of abusive supervision. However, there are few discussions of the need for recovery of the employees who are under abusive supervision. Therefore, this paper examines the causal link between these two factors: the employees who are under abusive supervision and their need for recovery. As well as what kind of activity will employees with high recovery needs choose after work? Moreover, this study explores whether there is a "recovery paradox"? and whether extraversion, neuroticism and the control during leisure time cause moderating effect or not. The method of data collection in this study was experience sampling method. A ten-consecutive-day questionnaire survey was conducted by 206 current employees, and 1717 effective samples have been collected. After the path analysis hypothesis, the results are as follow:（1）Employees who are under abusive supervision will have high demand of need of recovery.（2）Employees with high demand of need of recovery will do low-effort activity rather than social activity.（3）Employees with high extraversion prefer social activity.（4）The moderating effect of extraversion, neuroticism and control during leisure time will cause recovery paradox.

論文審定書 i
論文公開授權書 ii
摘要 iii
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 理論與假設 4
第一節 每日不當督導與恢復需求的關係：努力-恢復模式的觀點 4
第二節 每日恢復需求與每日下班後休閒活動的關係：努力恢復模式與恢復悖論的競爭觀點 5
第三節 每日恢復需求與每日下班後休閒活動的關係：外向性、神經質及休閒時間自主權的干擾效果 6
第三章 研究方法 10
第一節 研究對象與施測程序 10
第二節 研究工具 11
第三節 資料分析方式 14
第四章 研究結果 14
第一節 主要變數敘述統計分析 14
第二節 驗證性因素分析 15
第三節 假設檢定 15
第五章 討論與建議 19
第一節 結果討論與理論意涵 19
第二節 管理意涵與建議 21
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議 23
參考文獻 24
附錄 30

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