下班後飲酒行為普遍存在於全世界、各行各業之中，而過去針對飲酒行為之研究，多聚焦在飲酒行為對個人或組織帶來之負面影響；鮮少探討基於正面飲酒動機從事飲酒行為，是否可能帶來正向的結果。此外，過去研究亦較少針對肩負高度工作量與職責的主管人員，進行其下班後飲酒之相關研究。
本研究基於飲酒結果預期理論的觀點，探討主管下班後基於正面動機及正面飲酒預期下之飲酒行為，是否會透過睡眠品質及情緒耗竭的中介歷程，進一步影響其隔日對部屬展現之正、負向領導行為(即：關懷行為、不當督導行為)，本研究以經驗抽樣法對62位在職主管進行為期10個工作日、每日兩次之資料蒐集，共回收605份問卷。由Mplus進行多層次路徑分析結果顯示，主管下班後基於正向動機之飲酒量與睡眠品質有正向關聯、與情緒耗竭則呈負相關。而若主管對飲酒具有預期，則會透過強化主管下班後基於正向動機之飲酒量與增加睡眠品質及減緩情緒耗竭之效果，進而提升後續主管對部屬展現的關懷行為、並降低不當督導行為。本研究亦針對結果之管理及實務意涵深入探討。

Drinking behaviors after work are common across different occupations and industries. However, only limited studies have explored supervisors’ drinking behaviors after work and no known studies have examined whether drinking behaviors after work can bring beneficial effects for individuals or organizations. Drawing on the alcohol outcome expectancy theory, the present study examined whether supervisors’ positive alcohol expectancy can strengthen the indirect effects of supervisor drink after work with positive drinking motivations (e.g., social and enhancement) on next day considerate and abusive supervision behaviors via enhancing subsequent sleep quality and reducing subsequent emotional exhaustion.
By employing the experience sampling method, the present study collected daily data twice from 62 managers across 10 consecutive days, resulting in 605 matched daily responses. The results of multilevel path analyses indicated that when supervisors have positive alcohol expectancy, their after work alcohol consumption based on positive drinking motivations is positively related to subsequent sleep quality and negatively related to subsequent emotional exhaustion, which in turn increase next day considerate behaviors and reduce abusive supervision behaviors. However, when supervisors have low positive alcohol expectancy, the aforementioned effects are attenuated. Theoretical and practice implications are further discussed.

論文審定書 ...................................................................................................................... i
中文摘要 .......................................................................................................................... ii
英文摘要 ......................................................................................................................... iii
目錄 ................................................................................................................................. iv
圖次 ...................................................................................................................................v
表次 ................................................................................................................................. vi
第一章 緒論 .....................................................................................................................1
第二章 文獻探討 .............................................................................................................5
第一節 下班後飲酒行為與工作行為之相關研究 .......................................................5
第二節 主管下班後飲酒量、睡眠品質與正向領導行為之關係：飲酒效用預期的
干擾式中介效果 ...............................................................................................................6
第三節 主管下班後飲酒量、情緒耗竭與負向領導行為之關係：飲酒效用預期的
干擾式中介效果 ...............................................................................................................9
第三章 研究方法 .............................................................................................................12
第一節 研究樣本與施測程序 ........................................................................................12
第二節 研究工具 .............................................................................................................14
第三節 資料分析方式 .....................................................................................................16
第四章 研究結果 .............................................................................................................18
第一節 敘述性統計與相關係數 ....................................................................................18
第二節 驗證性因素分析 .................................................................................................19
第三節 假設檢定 .............................................................................................................20
第四節 額外分析 .............................................................................................................24
第五章 討論與建議 .........................................................................................................26
第一節 結果討論與理論意涵 ........................................................................................26
第二節 管理意涵 .............................................................................................................28
第三節 研究限制與未來建議 ........................................................................................29
參考文獻 ..........................................................................................................................31
附錄-問卷 .........................................................................................................................38

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