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博碩士論文 etd-0623120-135642 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0623120-135642
論文名稱
Title
又在加班嗎? 加班、加班動機與工作生活平衡之相關研究
Working Overtime Again? The Relationship among Overtime, Overtime Motivations and Work-life Balance
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
85
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2020-07-14
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2020-07-23
關鍵字
Keywords
工作生活平衡、積極動機、加班動機、加班行為、消極動機、加班補償
work-life balance, overtime motives, overtime frequency, overtime reward, avoidance, approach
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5692 次,被下載 58
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5692 times, has been downloaded 58 times.
中文摘要
長期以來,台灣員工加班、高工時的情形普遍存在,全年工作總時數在世界組織(OECD)的統計結果中往往高居國際前幾名 (2018年全球第4)。台灣員工為什麼這麼常加班? 又是什麼樣的動機促使員工加班? 這樣的加班會不會影響員工的工作生活平衡? 本研究將加班動機分為「積極動機」與「消極動機」,再以員工加班動機為起點,進行「加班動機」、「加班行為」(頻率)與「工作生活平衡」的相關分析,並探討加班補償(加班費、補休)是否在「加班行為」與「工作生活平衡」之間具有調節效果?

本研究蒐集了包含科技業、軍公教、傳統製造業、金融保險業等行業之員工做為樣本,本研究第一次施測獲得416份有效問卷。相隔三週後,以受測者留下的電子信箱再發出第二次問卷,回收後成功配對252份有效問卷,有效回收率為61%,再排除其中一年內未加班的樣本,最終可分析的樣本數為232份。

本研究驗證各假設,結果顯示: 一、「積極動機」與「加班行為」呈現正向相關、「消極動機」與「加班行為」亦為正向相關; 二、「加班行為」與「工作生活平衡」成負向關係; 三、「加班費」無顯著調節「加班行為」與「工作生活平衡」之間的負向關係; 四、「補休」顯著加強「加班行為」與「工作生活平衡」之間的負向關係,與假設相反。
本研究基於發現加以討論,並提出具體管理意涵與未來研究方向。
Abstract
Long hour working overtime has existed in Taiwan for many years. Referring to the statistics data by OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), the ‘average annual working hour’ of Taiwan is always on top rankings of the world (top-4 of year 2018). Why do employees work overtime frequently in Taiwan? What are the motives of overtime working? Would overtime working impact work-life balance? We consider ‘approach’ and ‘avoidance’ as the overtime motives, and analyze the correlation among motive, overtime working (frequency) and work-life balance. The moderating effect of overtime rewards (pay, time) between overtime working and work-life balance is also investigated.

A survey was conducted among a representative sample of Taiwan employees from technology industry, government, manufacturing, and financial business. N=416 on time-1, after 3 weeks, another survey mail was sent to the E-mail address collected, and then total 252 samples are successful matched on time-2 (reply rate=61%). Excluding those who did not overtime work in last 12 months, 232 samples to be analyzed finally.

The result of investigation reveals:
1. Approach motive has positive effect on overtime working frequency. Avoidance motive has positive effect on overtime working frequency as well.
2. There is negative effect of overtime working on work-life balance.
3. Overtime pay has no significant moderating effect between overtime working and work-life balance.
4. ‘Compensatory time’ has significant moderating effect between overtime working and work-life balance, it enhanced the negative effect surprisingly.

Base on the finding, we have the discussion, deliver the conclusion, provide management implications and suggest future research directions.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書………………………………………………….………………….....…….....….….… i
誌謝……………………………………………………………….…………………..........……….……ii
中文摘要………………………………………………………..…………………..........……….... iii
Abstract ………………………………………………………….………….....……….....…….…. iv
第 一 章 緒 論…………………………………………….….……….....………….....…..……… 1
第一節 研究背景與動機………………………….………………….....……….......…. 1
第二節 研究目的…………………………………….………………….....….……...…..... 6
第 二 章 文 獻 探 討……………………………………….………………….....….….....……. 7
第一節 加班行為的探討………………………….………………….....…………........ 7
第二節 加班動機的探討………………………….………………….....…………...... 10
第三節 工作生活平衡的探討……………………….……….….…………….....……17
第四節 加班的補償……………………………………….…………………..........….… 20
第 三 章 研 究 方 法………………………………………….………………..….........….... 23
第一節 研究架構與假設……………………………..….………………….......…..... 23
第二節 研究樣本與施測程序………………………...………………….............. 24
第三節 測量工具…………………………………………...…………………............... 25
第四節 資料分析方法………………………………….………………….....…....….… 28
第 四 章 研 究 結 果……………………………………….…………………..........………… 29
第一節 樣本特性………………………………………….………………….....….......... 29
第二節 敘述性統計與相關係數分析………….………………….....……........ 32
第三節 迴歸分析……………………………………………...………………….............. 52
第 五 章 討 論 與 建 議………………………….…………………..........………..…..….. 56
第一節 研究結果之討論………………………………….………………….....….……. 56
第二節 研究限制及未來研究建議………..…....…………………......……..….. 60

參考文獻………………………………………………..…………...…..…....……..…...…….…… 61
附錄……………………………………………....…………...…...…………...…………...……….… 70

圖 次
圖 3-1 研究架構 ………..…………………………………………..……………..……………..…… 23
圖 4-1 補休對「加班行為」及「工作生活平衡」間之調節作用……..….. 54

表 次
表 2-1 現行勞基法規定之加班費計算…………………….……………………………..… 21
表 4-1 樣本人口變項統計表…………………………………………….……………………..… 30
表 4-2 敘述性統計與相關係數………………………………………..…….……...…….…… 33
表 4-3 人口統計變數比較………………………………………………..………...………..…… 34
表 4-4 Model 16 模型摘要…………………………………………………..….….…..………… 52
表 4-5 研究假設檢定結果…………………………………………………..……...………..…… 55
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