食物浪費不僅對於環境永續，且對經濟及社會永續皆有所影響。已開發國家中的食物浪費以消費者方面最為嚴重，台灣亦然。消費者食物浪費的問題持續存在，但對於台灣消費者減少浪費之因素的實證研究甚少。本研究透過建構一延伸之計畫行為理論，納入食品管理計畫變項，嘗試分析消費者減少浪費的意圖與行為受何種因素所影響，並分析除行為意圖外，食品管理計畫是否對浪費行為產生影響。
為回答前述問題，本研究於2019年4月至5月進行問卷調查。問卷發放地點為高雄家樂福愛河店與全聯鹽埕店，回收235份問卷。扣除無效樣本31份，總計204份有效樣本。分析模型採用結構方式模型，分析工具SPSS24版與AMOS26版。研究結果呈現主觀規範與知覺行為控制對減少食物浪費意圖呈顯著正向影響，態度對減少食物浪費意圖影響則不顯著。減少食物浪費的意圖與樣本的浪費行為呈顯著負向的影響，民眾減少浪費意圖越高，浪費行為將越少。而知覺行為控制對最終浪費行為影響不顯著。食品管理計畫對浪費行為呈顯著負向影響，知覺行為控制對食品管理計畫亦呈顯著正向影響。
前述研究結果可衍伸以下三意涵：首先是家庭教育的約束，由於主觀規範對個人減少浪費的意圖有正向顯著的影響，若家庭成員在減少浪費上有所投入形成良好榜樣，並藉由規勸可以對家庭成員產生正面的影響；其次，為了改變民眾的浪費行為，可透過相關措施以培養民眾進行食品管理計畫；最後是協助提升民眾的知覺行為控制，包括減低不便性、降低判斷食品標籤的相關知識的難度，與幫助民眾利用更少時間來管理食品等。

Food waste has a significant impact on not only environmental sustainability, but economic and social sustainability. Food waste at the consumer end is the most serious type in developed countries, as well as in Taiwan. Nevertheless, there are rarely empirical studies on the factors of consumers’ food waste reduction in Taiwan. This study attempts to explore factors that influence consumers’ intentions and behaviors of food waste reduction by constructing an extended theory of planned behavior（TPB）model. Food management plan is incorporated as a new variable in the extended TPB.
To answer the above question, this study conducted a survey between April and May 2019. The questionnaires were distributed to the Ai River branch of Carrefour and the Yancheng branch of PX Mart in Kaohsiung. A total of 235 questionnaires were collected while 204 remained valid. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is employed to estimate the model.
The results demonstrate that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control both have significant positive effects while attitude has no significant effect on intentions of food waste reduction. The intention to reduce food waste has significant negative influence on food waste behavior. On the other hand, the influence of perceived behavioral control on food waste behavior is not significant. Nevertheless, perceived behavioral control has a significant positive effect on the food management plan. The food management plan has a significant negative effect on food waste behavior.
Three implications are derived from the above findings. The first is the importance of family education. Establishing a good example within a family can generate a positive impact on other family members; Secondly, measures of guiding consumers to implement food management plans can be useful to reduce food waste; Finally, perceived behavioral control can be improved via measures of reducing the level of inconvenience, reducing the difficulty of understanding food labels, as well as helping consumers to save time for food management.

目錄
學位論文審定書…………………………………………………………………...…….i
致謝………………………………………………………………………….......…………...ii
中文摘要……………………………………………………..…………....………………iii
英文摘要…………………………………………..............……………………………iv
第一章、緒論………………………………………………………………..………….1
第一節、研究背景…………………………………………….……………1
第二節、研究動機…………………………………,……….…………....2
第三節、研究問題與目的…………………………….……………….7
第二章、文獻回顧………………………………………………………………...…8
第一節、食物浪費相關定義……………………………..……….....8
第二節、測量消費者食物浪費行為之相關研..………...…11
第三節、計畫行為理論於食物浪費領域之應..…...………13
第四節、食品管理計畫變項………………………...……...…..….16
第五節、消費者減少食物浪費之影響因素..…………….....17
第三章、研究設計………………………………………………………….…………20
第一節、研究架構與假設…………………………………………...…20
第二節、研究對象…………………………..…………………...…………23
第三節、研究區域………………………………………..…………...……24
第四節、研究工具………………………………..……...…………………26
第五節、研究分析方法…………………………...………..……………30
第四章、研究結果分析……………………………………………………....…….31
第一節、問卷回收與社會人口變項………….................……31
第二節、卡方分析……………………………………………...…...………34
第三節、敘述統計………………………………….......……………..……37
第四節、驗證性因素分析……………………………………….....……40
第五節、假說驗證………………………………………………....…..…...42
第五章、研究結果討論…………………………………………………..………....45
第六章、結論與建議………………………………………….…………………...….49
參考文獻…………………………………….......……………………..…….….……...…52

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